| In recent years,due to the improvement of people’s awareness of UV radiation protection,the demand for sunscreen products has been increasing rapidly.Organic UV Filters(UV-Fs),as important components in sunscreen products,have also become an important emerging pollutant.In addition to being widely used in personal care products,UV-Fs is also widely added to industrial products,such as plastics,paints,textiles,etc.,to protect them from rapid degradation by sunlight.UV-Fs has been widely detected from surface water,sediment and even in organisms.However,further studies on the bioaccumulation,transfer and ecotoxicological effects of UV-Fs in aquatic food webs on plateau remain to be conducted.In this study,the bioaccumulation,transmission and potential health risks of UV-Fs in aquatic food web of Yarlung Zangbo River were studied,and the tissue distribution and biomarker response of typical UV-Fs in Crucian carp were analyzed by combining field sampling and laboratory experiment.It is expected to provide scientific basis for the risk management of emerging pollutants in the river of plateau.(1)Taking the upstream and downstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River and Niyang River confluence as the study area,the selected 8 UV-Fs in 9field aquatic organisms were measured.The average concentration ranged from ND to 1241.07 ng/g dw.The highest accumulations were found in phytoplankton,followed by benthic organisms and fish.The bioaccumulation concentration of carnivorous fish was higher than that of algal detritus and omnivorous fish.As for the tissue distribution in fish,the highest concentration of UV-Fs was found in liver and the lowest in intestine.In addition,a variety of UV-Fs were also detected in the eggs of fish.The bioaccumulation factor(BAF)value of ethylhexyl methoxy cinnamate(EHMC)in both plankton and benthic organisms and the BAF value of octocrylene(OC)in plankton were greater than 5000 L/kg,showing a high bioaccumulation ability in organisms.The bio-sediment accumulation factors of the detected UV-Fs in benthic organisms were all less than 1,indicating that the bioavailability of UV-Fs uptake by benthic organisms from sediments was relatively low.(2)A plankton-bentho-fish food web in the Yarlung Zangbo River was constructed by using stable C/N isotope technique.The trophic transfer of 3 UV-Fs(diphenylone-3(BP3),OC and EHMC)with high detection rate in wild organisms in aquatic food web was studied.The trophic dilution effect was showed from the results.The dietary health risk of UV-Fs was evaluated using risk entropy method,the results indicated that there was no health risk to humans from consuming UV-Fs ingested by the fish in Yarlung Zangbo River.(3)According to the results of field experiments,BP3 was taken as a typical UV-Fs.The tissue distribution,bioconcentration and biomarker response of BP3 in Crucian carp exposed to different media were studied by adding natural river water and dechlorinated tap water.The results showed that the suspended particulate matter in natural water reduced the bioavailability and concentration of BP3 in the Crucian carp exposed in natural water.Tissue accumulation of BP3 in different exposure media is different.Generally speaking,kidney,gills and liver are the main accumulation organs.The bioconcentration factors of BP3 in both media were negatively correlated with the exposure concentration of water,while the BSSCF value in natural river water exposure group was positively correlated with the exposure concentration.BP3 exposure in different media significantly induced the activities of SOD and CAT,and increased the content of MDA,indicating that Crucian carp had oxidative stress reaction.BP3 significantly induced the activity of EROD and GST,which indicated that BP3 had metabolic transformation and detoxification in the liver of Crucian carp. |
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