Construction Of Nanocomposites Based On The Cell Membrane Camouflaged Graphene Oxide And Its Application In Drug Delivery

The main clinical method for modern cancer treatment is chemotherapy,which has great side effects and damages normal tissues.For example,the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride(DOX)will be eliminated when it enters the body,and can be cardiotoxic in high doses.In response to this situation,targeted drug delivery system has been developed.Graphene oxide(GO)is used as a drug carrier to deliver doxorubicin to the tumor site due to its high drug loading,large surface area,and easy modification.However,considering the stability,targeting and biocompatibility of GO,the biomimetic drug delivery system of cell membrane-modified nanoparticles,which has the advantages of high biocompatibility,good targeting and non-toxicity,stands out.Different cell membranes have different properties,among which red blood cell membrane(RBC)and cancer cell membrane(CM)have their own advantages after modification.The modification of the red blood cell membrane improves the stability of GO and the circulation time in the body,and the homologous cancer cell membrane can give GO self-targeting function.In this article,we introduced a biomimetic drug delivery system with a two-dimensional material graphene oxide as the core and a cell membrane adsorbed on its surface.The combination of the two was used as a drug carrier to load doxorubicin hydrochloride for the treatment of breast cancer.The constructed targeted drug delivery system was characterized and evaluated,and the specific research results were as follows:(1)GO was taken as the substrate and modified with RBC and CM.On this basis,magnetic particles and gold nanoparticles(Au)were incorporated into the GO surface,and RBC modified them.Characterization methods such as TEM,AFM,particle size and potential,and infrared proved that the materials such as RBC-GO,C-GO,RBC-m GO,and RBC-GO-Au were successfully prepared,and the cell membrane was adsorbed on the surface of the material.Stability experiments showed that the material modified by cell membrane has better stability before and after drug loading.Drug loading and in vitro drug release experiments showed that these composite materials had a high drug loading capacity and a p H-dependent drug release profile.In vitro cell experiments proved that these composite materials had better anti-tumor effects in vitro and could be taken up by cancer cells.The results of in vivo distribution and tumor inhibition experiments confirmed that the drug delivery system modified by the cell membrane would accumulate in the tumor site,and had a better tumor suppression effect and lower toxicity.(2)RBC-m GO has magnetic and photothermal properties,and can be magnetically targeted to the tumor site.RBC-GO-Au also has photothermal properties.RBC-m GO and RBC-GO-Au could heat up and kill cancer cells under the irradiation of near-infrared light(NIR),and the in vitro drug release rate of RBC-m GO was increased under the action of NIR.Combining the above results,in vivo tumor suppression experiment,compared to a single drug or NIR irradiation,drug and photothermal therapy had the best effect and could ablate tumors.Therefore,it is feasible to use graphene oxide modified by the cell membrane as a nanocarrier to treat breast cancer.