Vehicle Precise Positioning And Roadside Unit Deployment Algorithm Based On MIMO Technology

With the advancement of information technology,the development of the Internet of Vehicles has been pullulating,bringing great benefits to the general public’s travel and the progress of the transportation industry.In various technical applications of the Internet of Vehicles,the precise real-time positioning of the vehicle can provide the vehicle’s coordinate information for the relevant driving service,which is essential premise for the vehicle assisted driving and safety application.Therefore,it has been attracted attention intensively both academic and industrial research.At present,the precise positioning of the traveling vehicle includes various positioning methods,and one of the widely used positioning methods is the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)represented by the Global Positioning System(GPS).However,this scheme is unable to effectively overcome the interference caused by vehicle mobility and the signal occlusion caused by obstacles,thus resulting in poor positioning accuracy.In order to solve the problem of shortage of corresponding position accuracy,this thesis mainly studies the precise positioning and roadside unit deployment algorithm of the Internet of vehicles based on MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)technology,and the positioning method based on joint estimation of Direction of Arrival(DOA)and Time of Arrival(TOA)is emphasized.Firstly,the DOA/TOA joint estimation received signal model is established,and the estimation process and effect of the positioning algorithm on the vehicle’s positioning parameters are given.Then,the Unscented Kalman Filter(UKF)is introduced to optimize the vehicle positioning precision.In order to cope with the coverage optimization problem of the positioning signal in the road system,an optimized deployment algorithm that realizes the roadside unit(RSU,Roadside Unit)under the condition of precise positioning of the vehicle is proposed.The RSU deployment method is based on the vehicle positioning scheme proposed in this thesis.It realizes the non-full coverage of the road,adopts the hybrid positioning method to meet the driving demand in the whole road,and then uses the Geometric Dilution of Precision(GDOP)to establish the object function of the road.Heuristic algorithm is used to search the optimal/asymptotically optimal solution of RSU deployment problem.The DOA/TOA joint estimation based positioning algorithm and RSU deployment algorithm are simulated by software respectively.The research results show that the positioning algorithm can greatly improve the estimation accuracy and reliability of DOA/TOA,thus improving the positioning accuracy of the traveling vehicle and effectively solving the optimal deployment problem of road non-full coverage of RSU.The chapters of this thesis are organized as follows:Chapter Ⅰ introduces the background and motivation of the project,as well as the current status of the Internet of Vehicles technology.Chapter Ⅱ discusses the development direction of key positioning technology and RSU deployment.Chapter Ⅲ proposes the RSU-based DOA/TOA joint estimation localization algorithm,and simulation results are given.In chapter Ⅵ,the optimal deployment algorithm of RSU is presented and the simulation results are analyzed.Chapter Ⅴ summarizes the research work and gives a prospect.