Research On The Secure Authentication And Privacy Protection On VANETs

VANET(Vehicular Ad hoc Network),as one of the important components of intelligent transportation system(ITS),is the future development orientation of autonomous driving and intelligent transportation.It builds a communication network for vehicle users and roadside infrastructures to achieve the real-time information sharing.Thus the derived assistant functions,such as reports about road condition,autonomous decision making and remote traffic command etc.,can not only enhance the transportation efficiency,but reduce and even avoid the potential traffic accidents,and further keep society stable.The in-vehicle infotainment(IVI)also improves the driving experience of drivers.Meanwhile,the advantages of 5G technology,including e MBB(enhanced Mobile Broadband),URLLC(Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications)and m MTC(massive Machine Type Communications),greatly accelerates the development of intelligent transportation.However,the huge volumes of communication entities put a severe challenge on the computation and storage resources for traffic management department.In addition,the openness and high dynamicity of vehicular network makes the communication nodes easily suffer from all kinds of attacks,such as illegal users intrude the system to deliberately destroy traffic order,or issue fake information to mislead vehicle users to make wrong route planning.Therefore,this paper carries out the following work to solve the above problems:(1)Optimizing the authentication protocols for vehicular nodes in VANET.In the previous authentication protocols on VANET,the single central authority(CA)generates and stores a large number of public and private key pairs for all nodes,including vehicles and roadside infrastructures,which imposes a heavy storage burden on CA and decreases efficiency of communication when responding user’s requests.In addition,the system may suffer from the registration authority leakage registration information(RALRI)attack and ephemeral secret leakage(ESL)attack,causing the leakage of sensitive data.To solve the above problems,a secure hierarchical authentication protocol in VANET is proposed.Combined with the self-certified key cryptography(SCPK),this scheme allows multiple subordinate registration authorities to run independently,and shares the computation and storage pressure of CA.It can also resist the above special attacks.Meanwhile,we use time keys to achieve the flexible update for private keys.Under the modified BR93 model,we elaborate the security proof based on the Diffie-Hellman mathematical difficulty assumption.The performance analysis illustrates that the optimization on running time and security makes the protocol better suit for the communication scenario in VANET network.(2)Optimizing the reliability of transmitted information in VANET.After completing the identity authentication between communication nodes,vehicle users collect and share the real-time transportation information with the aid of sensors.However,malicious nodes may deliberately broadcast fake events,or legitimate users give up sharing information for saving computation resources.These behaviors will affect other vehicle users’ knowledge to road condition.For these problems,we propose a blockchain-based reputation management scheme in VANET.On one hand,this scheme utilizes mathematical models to measure the truthfulness for reported events,and achieves the unification between quality and quantity of broadcasted information.On the other hand,the trustworthiness value of sharing event and reputation score of related users are public on the blockchain,making data is available to everyone.The improving consensus process utilizes the weighted majority voting rules to maximize the collective payoffs,motivates members to engage in reporting traffic information and the consensus process.