Design And Implementation Of Acoustic Emission Leak Detection Device For Sealed Pressure Vessel

In the modern industry and aerospace industry,the demand for pressure vessels is very common in the production process of chemical industry and various aerospace systems.Pressure vessels are generally used to store some raw materials necessary for processing,or as a container for physical and chemical reactions in the production process.Long-term operation of a pressure vessel in a high-temperature,high-pressure environment can easily cause physical and chemical reactions with internal raw materials,causing corrosion of the vessel,leading to leakage of the vessel,causing waste of resources and even explosions.Therefore,the consequences of pressure vessel leakage are unimaginable.The research on leak detection of sealed pressure vessels mainly includes the following research contents:By studying the mechanism of acoustic emission detection technology,a sealed pressure vessel leak detection device based on acoustic emission detection technology is designed and implemented.The device is based on signal perception,pre-amplification,high-speed acquisition and transmission,combined with acoustic emission signal monitoring software to display,process and analyze the data to solve the problem of real-time detection of leaks in sealed pressure vessels.A low-noise preamplifier is designed for the situation that the mechanical wave signal produced by the pressure vessel leakage is weak and vulnerable to interference.Using multiple high-precision integrated operational amplifiers to build a multi-stage amplifier circuit,and a passive band-pass filter is designed for the response frequency of the acoustic emission sensor.The components are laid out reasonably and the amplifier shielding box is designed to solve the problem of low noise pre-amplification of weak acoustic emission signals.A multi-channel acoustic emission signal synchronous acquisition and transmission circuit is designed to solve the problem of synchronous acquisition of multiple acoustic emission sensor signals during pressure vessel leak detection.Using FPGA as the main controller,a multi-channel synchronous acquisition circuit was built around the high-speed analog-to-digital conversion chip,a data transmission circuit was built around the high-speed data transmission chip,and a control program was written to solve the problem of synchronous acquisition and transmission of multiple acoustic emission sensor signals.Acoustic emission signal monitoring software is designed to solve the data communication between software and hardware,acoustic emission signal processing,display and export problems.Including data communication,data processing and visual interface,which solves the problems of real-time monitoring,display and historical feature data query and export of acoustic emission signals.Finally,the designed hardware and software were tested,and a sealed pressure vessel acoustic emission leak detection platform was built.Observe the experimental results and analyze the data using offline data feature extraction and leak identification methods to verify that the designed sealed pressure vessel acoustic emission leak detection device can achieve the expected goal,and realize leak detection of sealed pressure vessels.