Research On The Power Supply Structure Optimization Considering The Influence Of Externalities

The importance of electricity to society is obvious to all,and it is one of the bases for the healthy and orderly development of national economy.As the main source of power generation in China,fossil energy is closely related to our life.In 2018,59 percent of the country’s total energy consumption was coal.About 60 percent of the country’s total power generation and assembly capacity is coal-based.From this point of view,coal has an important position in fossil energy.However,the environmental pollution and other unsustainable development problems caused by the continuous mining and use of coal are increasingly prominent.At present,China’s energy consumption structure is not healthy,so we should pay attention to the externalities caused by the high utilization rate of coal.This article divides the external costs incurred in China’s coal-fired power generation process into three stages according to the life cycle,namely:coal production stage,coal transportation and storage stage,and coal use stage.In addition,from the perspective of the impact of the connection of renewable energy power generation projects on thermal power enterprises,the environment,power grid enterprises and power users,this paper analyzes various externalities brought by renewable energy power generation,including positive Externalities also include negative externalities to account for the externalities of renewable energy power generation.As China’s environment and resource pressures continue to increase,whether it is coal-fired power generation or renewable energy power generation,they have huge externalities as power sources on the power generation side Less consideration is given to this aspect,so the result of optimization cannot well show the reasonable power supply structure in the current social environment.Based on this,based on the research results of experts in related fields,this paper analyzes the external value of coal-fired power generation and renewable energy power generation and quantitatively calculates them,and incorporates them into the cost of coal power generation and renewable energy power generation,while considering other types The economic and social,ecological environment,cost characteristics and other factors of the generator set,the objective function is set to the minimum social cost per unit of power generation,with power demand constraints,reliability constraints,renewable energy maximum installed capacity constraints,energy-saving emission reduction constraints,pollution Constraint of emissions and machine capacity are constraints,and a power supply structure optimization model considering the externalities of coal power and renewable power generation is constructed.Then use the model to find a reasonable ratio of each power supply structure.The data adopted in this article is the relevant report of China in 2017-2018.First,the situation of externality is considered,and the model is used to solve the normal power supply structure of China in 2018.Then the externality cost is removed from the model and the same data is used to solve There is no external power supply structure.Finally,the calculation results in these two cases are compared with China’s actual power supply structure in 2018 to analyze whether China’s current power supply structure is reasonable,and at the same time,analyze the power supply structure’s external cost The degree of sensitivity,and from this,the degree of influence of externalities on the power supply structure.Finally,according to the accounting results of externalities,the external costs of China ’s 300 MW,600 MW,and 1000 MW coal-fired power units are 0.0518 yuan/kWh,0.0483 yuan/kWh,and 0.0476 yuan/kWh.0.0327 yuan/kWh.The overall optimization results show that the current model solution results of China’s 600MW coal-fired power units,1000MW coal-fired power units,hydropower units and nuclear power units are larger than the actual installed capacity,while the model solutions of 300MW coal-fired power units,wind power units and photovoltaic power units The result is less than the actual installed capacity.After taking into account external factors,the installed capacity of 300MW coal-fired power units and 600MW coal-fired power units will decrease,while the installed capacity of 1000MW coal-fired power units,renewable energy units,and nuclear power units will increase.At the same time,changes in external costs have a greater impact on the capacity of 1000MW coal-fired power units,wind turbines and photovoltaic generators,and less impact on 300MW coal-fired power units,600MW coal-fired power units,hydropower units and nuclear power units.So it is not difficult to see that although coal power units continue to dominate in the current power supply structure,it is still necessary to adjust and optimize the internal installed proportion of coal power units,such as increasing the use of 600MW coal power units and 1000MW coal power units.At the same time,other types of power sources should also be vigorously developed,such as nuclear power and hydropower,and the installed capacity of renewable energy sources such as wind and light units should also be rationally planned and configured.