Reserach On The Correlation Between Visual And Physiological Characteristics Of Drivers And Traffic Accident Risk Points

There are a large number of accidents at urban road intersections.The accident frequency points based on past accidents are used to calculate the existing accident points,but it is difficult to summarize all the accident risk points.Among the accidents caused by human factors,the proportion of traffic accidents caused by drivers is the highest.By associating accident risk points with drivers’ visual and physiological data,the risk level of intersection accident risk points can be studied and the location of the micro risk points can be found without relying on historical data,which provides a theoretical basis for realizing the early warning of unknown high-risk points and reduces traffic accidents,casualties and property losses.This paper puts forward the definition of risk points of urban road intersections,and studies it from two aspects:macro accident risk point and micro accident risk point.The physiological and visual indicators that may change during the driving process are proposed through investigation and analysis.The test scene was built on the test platform,and the test personnel were found to collect the test data according to the set test process.Based on the physiological data of drivers at urban road intersections,the laws were summarized to judge the correlation between physiological characteristics and traffic accident risk points at test intersections.The visual characteristics of typical intersections with the highest risk level in traffic accident risk points are analyzed from microscopic perspective,and the laws of pupil area change rate,saccade characteristics and fixation characteristics are expounded.The micro-accident risk point near the intersection was judged by the correlation study between visual characteristics and micro-accident risk points.The research in the thesis found that the driver’s heart rate variability,respiratory rate,electromyographic characteristics and skin electrical characteristics change to varying degrees when passing through different intersections.This change is the natural physiological response of drivers to predict and perceive traffic risks.Among them,the electrical skin value is not only related to physiological differences and driving age,but also has a greater relationship with the geometric characteristics and safety characteristics of the intersection.Taking the electrical skin values of key lanes in different directions at the intersection as the basis for judging the risk level of a certain intersection,clustering analysis is used to classify the electrical skin values to determine the intersection with the highest level of traffic accident risk in the test section.Taking a typical unsignal T-shaped intersection with high macro accident risk as an example,the correlation between visual characteristics and the degree of psychological tension at the risk point is used to judge the micro accident risk point.The peak of the driver’s pupil area change rate is closely related to the location of the risk point and the degree of risk within the range of the intersection;the more complicated the driving conditions,the higher the risk of an accident,and the longer the average gaze time;the saccade amplitude peak is related to the shift of sight,the left and right sides of the peak The smaller the saccade,the more difficult the visual search.A comprehensive analysis of the relationship between gaze behavior,saccade behavior,and pupil area change rate with the degree of risk and the degree of psychological stress,to determine the four microscopic accident risk points at the intersection.