Research On The Architecture And Intrinsic Safety Of Superconducting Integrated Energy System For Regional Buildings

On December 21,2020,the white paper"China’s Energy Development in the New Era"proposed to accelerate a clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient energy system.In the"Research Report on Energy Consumption of Buildings in China（2020）",the total energy consumption during the operation phase of the country’s buildings is 1 billion tons of standard coal equivalent（100 million tce）,accounting for 21.7%;building carbon emissions are 2.1 billion t CO₂,accounting for 21.9%.In recent years,more and more integrated energy systems（IES）have been applied to the regional buildings to improve the energy efficiency of the system through the synergy and complementarity of different energy sources.At present,traditional copper cables/inductors and compressed gas storage are used in the links of electric energy transmission,conversion,storage,etc.,which has great energy losses and extremely high safety risks.In this paper,the new generation of infrastructure construction as an opportunity,takes the regional building terminal system as the research object,introduces two major technical means of superconductivity and low temperature fuel from the perspective of improving energy efficiency and energy security,and proposes superconducting IES architecture and safety design methods.The main research contents are as follows:（1）Based on the technical principles of multi-energy complementation and energy coupling,with the design goals of clean,low-carbon,safe and reliable,the system architecture of terminal superconducting IES is proposed.Introduce superconductivity technology to improve the energy efficiency of the"source-network-storage-load"system and reduce greenhouse gas emissions;introduce low-temperature fuel technology to reduce potential safety hazards in energy storage and transportation,and increase energy system capacity and energy coupling efficiency.（2）Based on the intrinsically safe design,the introduction of superconducting current-limiting units,the addition of backup systems,and the increase of device heat dissipation capabilities have completed the intrinsically safe design and performance evaluation of the superconducting IES,and finally improved the reliability of the equipment itself.The angle effectively guarantees the safe operation of the system.（3）Guided by cross-regional building energy transportation,a large-capacity,low-cost composite energy pipeline structure plan was designed,and the GW-class superconducting energy pipeline structure optimization and comprehensive performance evaluation were completed.The results show that the transport distance of the traditional liquefied natural gas pipeline is only 140 km,while the transport distance of the new superconducting energy pipeline with liquid nitrogen protective is as high as 1120 km.（4）Taking data centers and hospitals as the research objects,the superconducting integrated energy system of combined cooling,electricity and quaternary cooling,heating is further constructed.The data center has realized an efficient and safe energy supply design by introducing superconducting chopper power supply and liquid nitrogen latent heat cooling;the hospital has realized low carbon and high efficiency by introducing clean energy power supply,multiple energy supplies and multiple medical gas supplies,Safe and reliable energy supply design.The results show that the efficiency of the low-temperature chopper circuit is increased from 92.5%to 97.6%compared with the room temperature chopper circuit;the efficiency of the high-temperature superconducting cable is increased from 90%to 99.65%compared with the copper cable of the last kilometer of the terminal;the same as the traditional high-pressure gas storage The volume of liquefied natural gas and liquid oxygen capacity are increased to 2.5 and 5.3 times,respectively.Based on the above research content,in terms of system energy efficiency improvement,the superconducting integrated energy system studied in this paper organically integrates large-capacity,low-loss superconducting cable modules,self-triggering,highly reliable superconducting current-limiting modules,fast response and high efficiency Superconducting energy storage modules,and low-loss,highly reliable low-temperature chopper modules.In terms of intrinsic safety design,atmospheric pressure cryogenic liquid is introduced to limit energy dissipation risks to enhance the safety of the system itself,and comprehensive energy backup redundancy is provided to increase the reliability of the system against external safety hazards.