Application Research Of Automatic Hole Making Technology On Fuselage Tail Section

With the wide application of composite materials,the traditional manual hole drilling becomes more difficult and the precision of hole drilling is difficult to be guaranteed.Precision hole drilling has become a difficult problem to be broken through in the field of aviation.Automatic hole drilling technology has been widely used in the field of aviation.Machine tools or robots are used to make holes to improve the accuracy and production efficiency of hole drilling and improve the quality of aircraft assembly.In this paper,the precision hole drilling of machine tools is studied in the fuselage tail panel and components,the application trend of automatic hole drilling at home and abroad is analyzed,and the key technologies of automatic hole drilling equipment of fuselage panel are studied.The structure of the five-coordinate automatic hole drilling equipment is designed,and the module function of its off-line programming system is analyzed.By analyzing the function of the end-effector of the hole drilling equipment,the visual system of the end-effector is used to set up the workpiece coordinate system,correct the hole position and calibrate the phase vector,and the spindle feed control the depth countersink and the rotation precision and temperature of the spindle to control the quality of the hole surface.The traditional automatic hole-drilling technology is improved.The design is applicable to the flexible hole drilling station and tooling at the end of the fuselage,and the establishment of hole drilling station is analyzed.Finally,the safety inspection and error analysis of the hole drilling and milling of the fuselage tail section are carried out by laser tracking instrument,and the assembly technology of fuselage tail section is virtual simulated to improve the unreasonable problems in assembly.Through the motion simulation to check the hole drilling equipment milling,hole drilling,automatic tool change,cleaning,riveting and other functions,the equipment in all angles of the hole drilling position simulation,feedback to improve the unreasonable situation,the possible interference in the hole drilling,collision and other adjustments to ensure the smooth progress of hole drilling.The area of hole drilling is planned reasonably to ensure the accuracy and realizability of hole drilling.In this paper,through the research of automatic hole drilling technology in the tail section of fuselage,the workpiece coordinate system is established by using the photomeasurement and hole identification position of the visual system,which avoids the need to use laser tracker to calibrate the workpiece coordinate system before each automatic hole drilling.The cross laser combined with photogrammetric system of end-effector is used to adjust the normal vector of hole drilling.Based on the research of five-coordinate automatic hole drilling equipment,a flexible hole drilling station of machine tool suitable for fuselage wall is designed,which can load different parts of fuselage tail at one station.It improves the production efficiency of automatic hole drilling and the assembly and positioning accuracy of fuselage tail section wall panel,and provides reference and guidance for the application and development of fuselage tail section automatic hole drilling technology.