Coupling Characteristics And Optimization Of Rural Settlement Structures And Plant Landscape In Zhejiang Province

In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy and the acceleration of urbanization,the rural style has been strongly impacted,and rural construction is urgent.As an important part of rural landscape,rural plant landscape is undergoing great changes.It is of great significance to explore the characteristics of rural plant landscape,to excavate the cultural connotation of rural plants,to understand the local characteristics of rural areas,to make planning advance,and to protect and restore the rural beautiful scenery.This study is located in Zhejiang Province,the villages of 3 typical rural settlements in plain,hilly and mountainous areas were selected as samples.A total of 44 settlements(14 plain areas,15 hilly areas,15 mountainous areas)and 2956 courtyards were surveyed.The plants and different space elements in the settlement,including courtyard,road,public space,water system,farmland were investigated on the spot.According to their spatial location and artificial site,plants were extracted from courtyard,forest and public recreational forest.The characteristics of3 different forest types and the overall characteristics of rural plants were analyzed,including composition,horizontal structure and vertical structure.Through the investigation and analysis of courtyard architecture,roads and public recreation space,the spatial characteristics of different stands were combed with the plant ecological space.Through literature review,data collection and field visits,the relationship between plant planting habits and configuration patterns and the humanistic connotation of production,life and customs of local villagers is interpreted.Finally,the optimization strategy of Zhejiang rural plant landscape is put forward,so as to build a surviving plant landscape with the characteristics of Jiangnan,which can inherit the local culture and adapt to the contemporary needs.The main findings are as follows:(1)There are 135 families,405 genera and 523 species of plant species in the study area,with Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Phyllostachys heterocycla as dominant species.There are obvious differences in plant composition in different zones.There are 110 species in 93 genera,59 families in plain area,and Cinnamomum camphora,and Metasequoia glyptostroboides are dominant species;there are 451 species in 368 genera,127 families in hilly area,including 203 species in 156 genera,70 families of herbs,with Metasequoia glyptostroboides,and Camellia japonica as dominant species;there are 162 species in 118 genera,68 families in mountainous area,with Citrus maxima and Cunninghamia lanceolata as dominant species.Among them,indigenous plants account for a relatively large proportion.(2)In the study area,the overall canopy coverage is relatively high,with an average of39.17%.In the plain area,the canopy coverage is 48.19% > in the hilly area,35.39% > in the mountainous area,33.20%.On the basis of plant number composition,the number of surrounding villages was 41.33%,the courtyard forest accounted for 22.33%,the road forest accounted for 14.02%,the public recreational forest accounted for 11.37%,and the coastal forest accounted for 10.95%.(3)In the rural research area of Zhejiang Province,there are 360 species of 283 genera in108 families in garden forest,which is higher than 176 species of 132 genera in 74 families in public forest and only 74 species,67 genera,40 families in road forest.The garden forest is influenced by the different layout,height and orientation of the building,which shows obvious landscape differences.Because of the different functions of public space,the landscape style of public forest also shows some differences.The landscape features of road forest are relatively average.(4)The courtyard with traditional style,long history and habitation and maintenance has the best growth and high species richness.The height of courtyard forest can generally reach the two level of the courtyard architecture,showing the landscape style of the courtyard built in the jungle.The growth of road forest is luxuriant and there is potential for construction on both sides,while the potential of plant planning and construction on both sides of the path is small.There are differences in the collocation patterns of plants in different types of space.