Design And Realization Of Railway Track Displacement Monitoring System

At present,railway track safety monitoring usually adopts the method of total station and prism,or the method of buried observation piles.However,the above two methods have the following problems.Once the connection between the prism and the rail falls off,it poses a threat to driving safety.The accuracy of measurement data is not high and the measurement speed is slow.The observation time is inflexible,and the surveying personnel’s work takes a long time.In response to the above problems,the paper designs a railway track displacement monitoring system based on a laser sensor and a CMOS image sensor.Through the research on RTC low power consumption technology of embedded products,the system hardware design is based on STM32F407 as the main control MCU and STM32L073 as the auxiliary MCU to complete the low power consumption,short time and high power circuit.Through the research on the image measurement algorithm of the circular target,the system uses STM32F407 to perform preprocessing,connected area marking and center point calculation on the image collected by the OV2640 module.At the same time,the paper completes algorithm optimization and code implementation for STM32 microcomputer.The system can also use the LTE module to establish communication with the server,and then use the upper computer software to assist in checking the pictures of railway track failures,system firmware upgrades,and calibration and debugging.After building the system simulation test environment,the system completes the calibration and measurement.Then the paper conducts histogram sorting and Gaussian fitting for the measurement data error.The system adopts the idea of the laser sensor combined with the image measurement to realize a single set of equipment to measure the three-dimensional displacement of the rail.It greatly improves the measurement accuracy and ensures that the measurement error is within±0.3mm.The system finally landed on a certain railway in Xinjiang,and the results of the field test further confirmed the feasibility of the scheme.Compared with the existing track displacement monitoring solution,the system effectively reduces the cost,and its operation and maintenance are very convenient,which greatly improves work efficiency.It is expected that the actual track displacement monitoring will be put into mass production in the future.