Study Of Data Aggregation Point Placement For Smart Meters In Smart Grid

With the construction of smart grid,every household is gradually installed with smart meters.Smart meter is the basic equipment of smart grid data acquisition,which is responsible for the collection,measurement and transmission of the original data of electric energy.Automatic meter reading and communication functions of smart meters can enable power enterprises to achieve remote meter reading and reduce manual consumption and other benefits.In order to avoid problems such as excessively long data collection time caused by the large number of smart meters directly and remotely transmitting data to the control center,it is necessary to first transmit the data to the data aggregation point(DAP)and then to the control center.In addition,the distance between the smart meter and the DAP will also affect the communication cost and quality of the network.Therefore,it is of great significance to study how to place DAPs to reduce network costs as much as possible while ensuring network coverage,control center data collection time,and better communication quality.This paper first discusses the DAP placed the research background and research status at home and abroad,and then through the analysis of DAP installation location and communication mode,put forward a solution due to the low density distribution of smart meters or small transmission range,which could lead to an increase in number of DAP required network problems,as incomplete connected network environment of DAP placement.Under this paper mainly research on the network is not connected environment how to reduce the number of DAP and reduced the total distance between the smart meters and DAP,node and potential is placed on the existing strategy of DAP,existing nodes is defined as the installation of smart meters in the family,the potential outside the location of the node defined as smart meters,paper main contribution is as follows:1.A DAP placement algorithm based on network partition is proposed to ensure the coverage of smart meters according to the DAP placement of existing nodes.The algorithm firstly by Freud algorithm to calculate the shortest distance between any two smart meter,and then by judging whether there is a communication link any two smart meter to network partition,finally according to the objective function is minimum total distance in each partition to choose the appropriate DAP to ensure the full of smart meters covered and the minimum total distance.2.For the DAP placement of potential nodes,a grid-based relay DAP placement algorithm is proposed to reduce the number of DAP.First,a grid model is introduced to define the positions of potential nodes and calculate the candidate locations of the relay DAP.Then,aiming at the multiobjective problem of the placement of relay DAPs and whether the number of relay DAPs is limited,the NSGA-II algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm are respectively applied,and the key steps of the algorithm are designed through the analysis of the two situations.In order not to lose versatility,this paper uses a smart meter with random coordinates to conduct experiments.By comparing with existing related algorithms,it is verified that the DAP placement algorithm based on network partition can ensure the 100% coverage of smart meters and have lower total distance,and the experimental comparison with the existing related algorithms and simulated annealing algorithm,verify that the grid-based relay DAP placement algorithm can effectively reduce the number of DAPs and have a lower total distance.