Research On Mechanism And Application Of Ship Resonance Ice-breaking

The ice-breaking ability of ships determines their survival and operating capabilities in the polar environment,which is the country’s focus on developing icebreakers currently.The current ice-breaking methods for polar ships mainly rely on their own gravity and the solid hull to crush or break the ice,which is greatly restricted by the displacement,main engine power,hull strength and other issues in the ice breaking process,and seriously hinders the improvement of ice-breaking ability.Therefore,the development of new and efficient ice-breaking technology has important engineering value.Resonance de-icing technology in roads,high-voltage transmission lines,aviation and other fields is labor-saving and time-saving,and provides a reference for the study of this paper.This paper aims to form a polar ship’s resonance ice-breaking technology,and a series of studies have been carried out such as the mechanism of resonance ice-breaking,the design method and the numerical simulation of ship resonance ice-breaking.The current status of domestic and foreign research on ice-breaking is explained by consulting relevant literature.Firstly,the more commonly used sea ice dynamic model is summarized,and it points out that an appropriate sea ice dynamic model can be selected to describe sea ice behavior according to the shape of sea ice or the ice-breaking situation.Secondly,the traditional mechanism of polar ships ice-breaking method is analyzed and the drawbacks are pointed out.The resonance ice-breaking method is also preliminarily introduced.Finally,the current application fields and application status of the resonance ice-breaking method are summarized,which has certain reference significance for the research of this paper.The physical and mechanical properties of sea ice are introduced,which provides material parameter input for the establishment of sea ice dynamics model.The ice size of the icebreaker’s influence area is determined.On this basis,the theoretical analysis model of ship-ice-water vibration system is formed,and the resonance theory is derived.The research on dynamic simulation method of ship ice-breaking is carried out,and the key technologies are pointed out.The feasibility of this method in the field of vibration ice-breaking is verified through the test and simulation comparison of cutting ice body with cutting tools.The ice layer vibration characteristic analysis model is established,and the inherent frequency range and typical mode shapes of the polar ice layer are calculated to obtain the best resonance ice-breaking mode shape.The results show that when the incentive position is located at the peak/trough position of the mode shape,it is easier to stimulate the corresponding mode shape.For the ice-breaking region near the excitation position,the optimal resonance ice-breaking mode shape is the fourth order.For directional ice-breaking in the frontal region,the optimal resonance ice-breaking mode shape is the third order.On this basis,the relationship between excitation location ice-breaking mode and orientation ice-breaking mode and vibration mode is explored respectively.In the end,a typical excitation load is used to simulate the real ice-breaking situation,and the influencing factors of the resonance effect in the two ice-breaking modes are obtained.On the basis of the above research results,research on the design method of ship resonance ice-breaking is carried out.The structures of passive and active resonance icebreakers are designed respectively,and their working principles are explained.On this basis,the design process of passive and active ship resonance ice-breaking are proposed,the design method of passive and active ship resonance ice-breaking are formed and validated.By comparing the two design methods,the advantages of the passive resonance ice-breaking design method are highlighted,which indicates that the passive resonance ice-breaking design method is more suitable for the application of practical ships.The structural formed by the passive resonance ice-breaking design method is applied to the actual ship,the ship resonance icebreaking model is established,and the ship resonance ice-breaking numerical simulation is carried out.The related result of the resonance ice-breaking process is analyzed,and compared it with the result of ordinary ice-breaking process to get the specific advantages of the ice-breaking method in this paper.Finally,the influence factors and laws of the ship resonance ice-breaking process are analyzed.In this paper,the mechanism of resonance ice-breaking under the action of typical excitation is explored,and the numerical simulation of the ice-breaking process is put into the real ship application,which is applied in real ship,aiming to provide new ideas for the development of new and efficient ice-breaking technology.