Research On Beam Bridge Surface Disease Detection Based On Drone Image

In recent decades,the construction of highway bridges in China has developed rapidly,and the construction period of bridges accounts for relatively few of the entire life cycle of bridges.At the same time,with the rapid development of China’s economy,the amount of traffic carried by bridges has also increased sharply.Among them,the increase of heavy vehicles and frequent overloading have caused serious damage to bridges.This has increasingly higher requirements on the performance of the bridge itself,and the inspection and maintenance of the bridge has become particularly critical.There are many blind spots in traditional bridge detection,which leads to insufficient detection.The detection process requires high-altitude personnel to work.There are large hidden safety hazards.The efficiency and effectiveness of the detection method are not high.It also often affects the normal traffic on the road where the bridge is located.In this article,the UAV is applied to the surface disease detection of beam bridges.Due to the wide variety of bridges,the UAV detection method applicable to a certain type of bridges may not be applicable to other types of bridges,so only beam bridges are selected as the research object.A field flight plan for beam bridge surface inspection drones was formulated,and a suitable drone for beam bridge surface image acquisition was found,which can quickly,efficiently and safely obtain beam bridge surface disease drone images.Among the many diseases of beam bridges,cracks are the most harmful to the service life of beam bridges,and are also the focus of beam bridge surface detection.A series of image pre-processing is performed on the acquired images of the cracks on the surface of the UAV beam bridge,and then automatically recognized by the computer,which improves the accuracy and efficiency of the crack identification on the surface of the beam bridge.Finally,comprehensively use the information of crack identification and three-dimensional real image to comprehensively detect and analyze the surface diseases of the beam bridge.The following are the three research results of this article:(1)Field collection plan for drone disease images on the surface of beam bridgeDue to the particularity of the beam bridge structure,the traditional UAV field acquisition method cannot meet the requirements of beam bridge detection.This paper studies a set of UAV beam bridge disease detection and collection schemes according to the different characteristics of the beam bridge superstructure,substructure,and bridge deck system to quickly and effectively complete the beam bridge surface disease detection to avoid the appearance of blind spots.(2)UAV image preprocessing methodDue to the influence of many external factors,such as atmospheric disturbance,weather and UAV imaging system,which are uncontrollable factors,there will be serious noise and texture problems in the obtained image.Firstly,the crack image is grayed out,then histogram equalization and contrast enhancement are used to improve the problem that the gray scale difference between the crack and the surrounding background caused by the lack of light.Finally,image denoising is carried out to improve the image quality.(3)Development of computer automatic recognition system for crack image of beam bridgeStudies have shown that more than 90% of the damage of concrete bridges is caused by cracks.The fracture image obtained by image preprocessing is binarized,and then the fracture target is recognized and the eigenvalue is calculated to achieve the extraction and analysis of fracture information,which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of fracture recognition.Using MATLAB to develop the crack identification system of the beam bridge,and realize the computer to automatically identify the crack image of the beam bridge.