Research On The Simulation And Experimentation Of The Hybrid Heat Sink Based On Thermoelectric Cooler And Phase Change Material

With the development of electronic devices towards high power density,miniaturization and integration,the thermal management system of electronic components have been asked for higher heat dissipation capability.The cooling capacity of traditional radiator can be improved by thermoelectric cooler（TEC）,which has simple structure and easy to integrate.However,TEC has the limitation of low cooling power,whose performance is heavy affected by heat load and hot-end heat dissipation capacity.Therefore,how to improve the cooling performance of the TEC system and enhance the robustness of electronic components under complex transient heat shock conditions is of great significance to solve the heat dissipation problem of electronics.This paper propose a thermal control scheme that integrates TEC and phase change energy storage module by using the energy storage characteristics of phase change materials（PCM）,aiming to improve system’s heat dissipation capacity and robustness under complex conditions by improving the cooling performance of the TEC under overload thermal and shortening the solidification time of the phase change module.Based on the operating characteristics study of TEC in enhancing heat transfer,this paper uses Flo THERM software to simulate the steady and transient thermal control performance of the TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink,and finally set up an experimental platform to study its thermal control performance.The main research contents are as follows:（1）A numerical heat transfer analysis was performed on the TEC heat sink whose operating characteristics are systematically simulated and experimentally studied.Studies have shown that the TEC heat sink module has a limit thermal load Q_max,only when the operating heat load Q_load<Q_max and the TEC operating current is within the effective range can TEC enhance the cooling performance of the radiator,and the effective operating current range will decrease as Q_load increases.（2）The TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink with different structures were designed,whose simulation model of thermal control performance is established using Flo THERM software.Then,The temperature distributions,transient and steady temperature curves of TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink are compared and analyzed with TEC heat sink and PCM heat sink,The effect of TEC operating current I,the fins number of phase change module N_fin and thermal load Q_load on thermal control performance were studied.The simulation results show that under heat shock conditions,the TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink has reduced the peak temperature T_s,max of heat source by 25.6°C,and the limit duty ratioβ_ex has increased by 61.1%due to the enhanced cooling capability of the TEC,indicating that the TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink has obvious advantages in thermal control performance over TEC heat sink and PCM heat sink.When the optimal Operating current I=0.95A and the optimal fins number N_fin=9,T_s,max is the smallest andβ_ex is the largest,β_ex increases as the thermal load increases.（3）Designed and set up the experimental platform to test thermal control performance,and the experiment was carried out to compare the steady and transient thermal control performance of the heat sinks with different structures.The result shows that under changing operating conditions whose overload power triple the steady heat load,the TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink has the lowest T_s,max,which is 23.8℃lower than the TEC heat sink,14.3℃l ower than the PCM heat sink,and theβ_ex is tripled.The above result further proves that the TEC/PCM hybrid heat sink has the best thermal control performance.By comparing experimental and simulation transient temperature curves of different heat sink,it can be found that they have good consistency.