Research On The Category Differences And Optimization Paths Of Urban Electricity Structure In China

On September 22,2020,Chinese President Xi Jinping said at the United Nations General Assembly: "China will increase its national contribution and adopt stronger policies and measures to achieve carbon dioxide emissions by peaking by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060." The public needs to be aware of the important role of energy conservation and emission reduction at the household and individual levels in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.Urban electricity consumption reflects the level of urban development to a large extent,the larger the scale of electricity consumption produced in traditional ways,the higher the city’s carbon emissions.Residential electricity consumption is the second largest energy consumption field outside the industrial sector,and the influencing factors and related characteristics of residential electricity consumption have become the focus of this paper.This paper uses urban residents’ living standards,education level,urban power industry development scale,urban technology development level,urban residents’ non-clean energy consumption level,city scale as classification indicators,269 Chinese cities are classified using the fuzzy C-means clustering method in machine learning algorithms,and the classification results are tested by the support vector machine method.Use the Chenery model to judge and analyze the industrialization process of different types of cities,and propose a direction for the optimization of the electricity structure.In order to further illustrate the different optimization paths of the electricity consumption structure of cities under different industrialization processes,according to the classification results,a panel regression is performed on the first and second types of cities.First,the mixed regression and fixed effects are tested.Second,the two-way and one-way fixed effects are determined.Finally,the existence of random effects is judged.The number of cities in the third category is small,and a stepwise regression model is chosen to explore the influencing factors.The results of the research are as follows.The fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm divides the total of 269 cities into 3 categories.Among them,the first category includes 185 cities,the second category includes 79 cities,and the third category only includes five cities,Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen and Chongqing.Cities in different industrial processes have different requirements for the electricity structure,and the direction of changes in the urban electricity structure is also different.In the urban electricity structure of ordinary cities,it is important not to blindly seek to increase the proportion of residential electricity to promote the process of industrialization.The electricity consumption structure of cities and central cities should increase the proportion of residents’ electricity consumption as much as possible to assume environmental responsibility.In ordinary cities,the living standard of urban residents,the level of residents’ wages,and the level of urban technological development have a negative impact on the urban electricity structure.In important cities,the level of urban technological development has a negative impact on the urban electricity structure.The living standards of urban residents,the education level of residents,the scale of urban power industry development,and the amount of gas consumption all have a positive impact on the urban electricity structure.In central cities,the level of education has a positive impact on the urban electricity structure,and the scale of the city has a negative influence on the urban electricity structure.In view of the research results,the following policy suggestions are put forward,in ordinary cities,raising the living standard and wage level of residents will increase the use of electrical appliances,promote the industrial development of ordinary cities,accelerate the process of industrialization.In major cities,the main focus is on improving the living standards of residents,followed by expanding the scale of power-related industries in major cities,and in central cities,raising the level of education of residents,expanding the scale of urban education industry,and controlling the number of urban migrants moving in is also one of the ways for central cities to optimize the urban electricity structure.