The Research On Form Of The Chieh-ling-kou Defensive Fort-type Settlement In Jizhen

Chieh-ling-kou belongs to the military fort settlement under the Great Wall of Jizhen built in the early Ming Dynasty.It is located to the east of Xi feng kou.It has the evaluation of "Thirty-two Passes,this is the most important" and is a military pass.Chiehling-kou,based on a complete combat system,solid layout,and sophisticated internal elements,combined with the natural dangers of the Yanghe water system and the Yanshan Mountains,together constitute a complete military defense system.With the advent of the peaceful age,the military color and defensive functions displayed by the settlement patterns are no longer suitable for today’s society.At the same time,these elements have been destroyed and disappeared under natural and man-made factors.Therefore,the research on the settlement pattern of the military fort at Chieh-ling-kou can not only enrich the comprehensive understanding of it,but also provide the basis for its protection,development and utilization.This article uses the theoretical knowledge of settlement morphology to analyze the morphology of the settlement from the macro to the micro level through the practical investigation and research of the military fortress settlement in Chiehling-kou,as well as to consult historical materials,and to use the theoretical knowledge of architecture to defend the settlement.The planning layout of the system and the morphological characteristics of its constituent elements are analyzed in depth.The article first introduces the natural background,humanistic background,and unique ethnic integration background of the military fortress settlement at Chieh-ling-kou,focusing on the evolution and development of its military defense system during the Ming Dynasty,laying a foundation for subsequent in-depth research;Then it analyzes the morphology and composition of the Chieh-ling-kou military fort settlement from the macro,meso and micro perspectives: at the macro level,in the context of Chieh-ling-kou’s important military strategic position in the defense system of the Great Wall,it is analyzed that Chieh-ling-kou was in the Ming Dynasty.The hierarchical system displayed under the military management system,as well as the military liaison system of the subordinate gateway and the defense zone under the command of the promotion,and the military defense system of the logistics support system;the meso-level is from the planning and layout of the settlement to its base on the Great Wall,Based on the location characteristics of geomantic omen and the location characteristics of the city,the two cities of the east and the moon are facing each other,and the Yang River passes through the pass and faces the water.The plan is analyzed separately.Layout characteristics;at the micro level,the settlement boundary enters into the interior of the settlement,and the composition of the settlement is divided into independent defensive elements,and the fort gates,fort walls,road systems,space nodes,government offices,religious buildings,and Analyze the morphological characteristics of defense elements such as residential buildings.Finally,summarize the morphological characteristics of the military fort settlement in Chieh-lingkou.By analyzing the individual characteristics of the military fortress settlements in Chieh-ling-kou,we will conduct in-depth research on the elements of these settlements and deepen the research on the military fortress settlements in the Qinhuangdao area to provide basis and reference for future protection and development.