Direct-contact Liquid Film Phase Change Cooling In High Concentration Photovoltaic Systems

Nowadays,fossil fuel is widely used around the world for electricity generation,heating and powering internal combustion engines.However,problems of using fossil fuels are the global shortage of fuel sources and the toxic emission due to fuel burning.Solar radiation as a sustainable energy source is sufficient for many centuries to come.It also does less harm to our eco-system than it is by using traditional fossil fuel.Both industry and researchers are currently trying to make a breakthrough in utilizing solar energy and bring the technology into a mature stage to use the sun as an alternative to fuels.One problem in utilizing solar energy,however,is energy conversion efficiency.The efficiency of converting solar energy into electricity determines the cost of the energy production rate which is sensitive to the preoccupied energy market.High concentrator photovoltaic(HCPV)is a technique mitigating the cost problem by using reflective mirrors instead of expensive PV panels it cuts initial investment of a solar plant thereby reducing the per-unit energy production rate of the plant overall.However,in HCPV systems,heat dissipation on dense arranged PV array is a huge challenge to plant-wide energy conversion efficiency and the cell lifecycle which will backfire the whole system if it goes wrong.In this study,both experiments and numerical simulation techniques are utilized to reveal the performance of direct-contact liquid film cooling(DCFC)on an HCPV system.The mean findings of this research are performance of direct-contact liquid film cooling technique on high concentration photovoltaic systems,optimal tilt angle finding,performance optimization of large-angle inclination(LAI),the impact of roughness on cooling performance.The results presented in this article indicate that DCFC is an effective cooling technique for tilted solar cells in the HCPV system.The temperature can be controlled well under the 500 X concentration ratio.A tilt angle of 20° is the most preferable for the DCFC system.For the LAI,the optimum set of parameters has been found.Increasing inlet velocity has a positive effect on temperature regulation.However,greater inlet width does not necessarily result in a lower temperature of solar cells.A decrease in the heat transfer coefficient is expected when the tilt angle increases.Roughness also has a significant impact on the cooling performance of the DCFC system,the experiment shows simulated solar cells processed by 600 mesh sandpaper have a surface temperature of 2-4°C the untreated counterpart.The main deliverables in this article can be used as proof of the performance of the DCFC technique and optimization of DCFC integrated high concentration solar systems.