Research On The Art Of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes In The Late Period Of Tubo Rule

At present,under the background of strengthening the protection of cultural relics and promoting cultural confidence in China,traditional architectural color painting has been widely concerned by the academic circles.As an important part of the protection and decoration of wooden architecture,it embodies the mainstream ideology,culture,aesthetic art and lifestyle in different historical stages,and is an important intangible cultural heritage in China.Because there are many defects in the fire resistance and fireproofing of traditional Chinese wood structure materials,the remains of ancient buildings in the Tang Dynasty and before can not be well preserved in the long river of history,and the architectural color paintings no longer exist.The Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang retain the images of architectural color paintings from the middle Tang Dynasty to the Xixia Dynasty.Therefore,to explore the architectural color paintings in the Grottoes is an important way to expand the historical characteristics of early traditional architectural color paintings.Combining theory with practice,this paper summarizes the basic research on the current situation of traditional architectural color painting,analyzes and summarizes the problems of the current color painting mainly focused on the official color painting in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,as well as the plight of the lack of research on early color painting and local color painting.Then,taking the architectural color paintings of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the late period of Tubo rule as the research object,this paper explores the characteristics of Chinese color paintings in the ninth century.First of all,through field investigation,literature analysis and statistical typology research methods,this paper makes an overall interpretation of the type characteristics of architectural color paintings in different periods of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes.Then,from the perspective of typology,it systematically analyzes the three elements of architectural color painting: composition proportion,pattern and color configuration.Finally,the paper evaluates and affirms the historical value,cultural value and aesthetic value of architectural color painting,which has double significance for the study of Dunhuang Grottoes architectural art in Tubo Period and the improvement of the shape characteristics of early Chinese architectural color painting.The conclusions are as follows:(1)in the aspect of type characteristics,the architectural paintings of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the late period of Tubo rule can be divided into three types,from high to low,which are:the whole body full color paintings,the five section middle color paintings,and the three section plain color paintings.(2)In terms of artistic features,the column body is divided into five section layout and three section layout in terms of composition proportion.The ER Fang color painting can be divided into "pool frame" composition and single pattern continuous composition,and the proportion basically follows the equal division form of the same length.On the patterns,there are a lot of auspicious patterns related to Tibetan Buddhism,such as pearl pattern,lotus pattern,diamond pattern,and some decorative patterns of Han style,such as Tuan pattern,etc.,forming the characteristics of architectural color painting with the integration of Tibetan and Han.In terms of color allocation,red is often used as the main color in large wood structure parts such as column body,architrave,eaves purlin,etc.Yellow and white are used as auxiliary colors and cyan,green or white as embellishment colors.(3)In terms of value evaluation,historical value mainly includes witnessing the influence of Tubo political rule and expanding the image data of early color painting research.Cultural value mainly reflects the late Tubo rule of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes architectural color painting in the Confucian traditional ritual system and Tubo Tibetan Buddhism under the influence of strict adherence to the hierarchy,and draw a large number of patterns with good meaning.The artistic value lies in the ingenious fusion of different composition characteristics,and the use of strong and harmonious color contrast to form a myriad of decorative illustrations.(4)In the late period of Tubo rule,the architectural color paintings of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes have strong Tibetan style and rich Tibetan elements in composition proportion,pattern and color configuration.It shows that the decorative patterns of color paintings drawn by painters are representative,which provides an important image basis for the study of color painting decoration of early Tubo architecture.