Research On Historical Cities In Hohhot,inner Mongolia

The Hohhot area is the place where the "Dayao Culture" civilization was created.It is the densest place of the Great Wall and the earliest place where the Great Wall was built.The area is a fusion of ethnic minorities and Central Plains Han culture,as well as grassland culture,Yinshan culture and Yellow River culture.In this area of Hohhot,the dynasties ruled here,and its special frontier location has made the city development rise and fall several times,and the historical city system has sometimes been different,and it has risen and fallen.As a famous historical and cultural city,Hohhot began construction of the city more than 4,000 years ago.From 2019 to 2020,the Hohhot Region Longshan Culture Houchengzui Stone City,which was excavated by the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2020,is not only the earliest city in the region,but also the earliest city in the country.It is currently the largest known prehistoric city site in central and southern Inner Mongolia.The Houchengzui Stone City and its Weng City have rewritten the cognition of Zhongma Mian and Weng City in the academic circles that they first appeared in the historical period,and advanced their appearance to the Longshan period.The Xicheng District of Shengle Ancient City(Tuchengzi Ancient City)in the Helinger area was built during the Spring and Autumn Period,that is,the earliest historical city built in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia.The discovery of the Xicheng District of Tuchengzi broke the long-standing academic The earliest ancient city in the historical period of Hohhot is the recognition of Yunzhong City.The "last" ancient city in Hohhot was the "tuweizi" during the Republic of China,because the city walls were built with the traditional ramming method of standing slabs.After that,there were few Tuchengs built by this method in China.The Weizi built during the period is called the "last" ancient city in China.The main object of this paper is the city,that is,the ancient city formed during the construction and development with surrounding walls,some moats,and relics of the city site,including the county towns of the administrative centers and the military barrier cities of the garrison troops.Studies have shown that the Hohhot region was once a battleground for military strategists due to its geographical importance.It was once a military defense zone for many dynasties.Through detailed and comprehensive data research on the cities in the historical period of Hohhot,the historical cities in the area confirmed by literature investigation and archaeological reports are included in the research scope.Hohhot is also known as the "City of Hundred Cities" because it has built nearly a hundred cities before and after in the long history.This article starts with the analysis of the Hohhot area and historical background,and selects 105 ancient cities as the research objects based on archaeological data.According to Spring and Autumn,Warring States,Qin and Han Dynasties(770 BC-220 AD),Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties(AD 386-581),Sui and Tang Dynasties(AD 581-907),Liao,Jin and Yuan(AD 907--1368),During the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368-1911 AD),the research was conducted in stages,from the origin of the city’s construction,the reasons for the continuation and demise of the city’s development,the geographical location,the scale and the shape.Through hand-painting and computer drawing,the location and form of the ancient city in important periods can be restored as much as possible and provide historical evidence.Combining the characteristics of the construction and development of ancient cities in various periods,it is concluded that: 1.The construction of cities in Hohhot during the historical period was mostly related to military defense,and the construction of border towers and pavilions along the Great Wall for combat needed to consolidate the rule of the dynasty;2.Development,continuation,and desolation are related to many factors.As far as its continuation is concerned,those ancient cities whose geographic location or magnificent construction can play an important role,after the fall of the dynasty,were livable by the successor ruler due to military needs,political rule or the environment.Wait for the situation to be used again,and even rebuild and build.3.The distribution of cities in each period is characterized by "large concentration and small dispersion".The center of gravity of the distribution of cities in each period is also different.It shows that the cities of Qin and Han are scattered throughout the area,the cities of the Northern Wei Dynasty are concentrated in the north,the cities of Sui and Tang Dynasties are in the middle,and the Liao Dynasty.The Jinyuan city pools are concentrated in the north-central part and the Ming-Qing city pools are concentrated in the south-central part.The agglomeration and distribution of cities in various historical periods is in line with the multicultural core area of ??Hohhot(that is,the historical city agglomeration area with the Zhao Great Wall,the Qin and Han Great Walls,the Jinjie Hao and the Ming and Qing Great Walls as the core zone,and the historical city with the Yellow River as the core zone.The agglomeration area,the historical city agglomeration area with the Yinshan boundary as the core zone,and the historical city agglomeration area with the Tumochuan culture as the core zone)have a high degree of coupling;4.The higher the level of the city,the larger the scale and the number of constructions.The less,the greater the distance between each other,the more types of services provided,the larger the scope of services,and the more functions,such as capitals,prefectures,prefectures,counties,etc.Conversely,the lower the level of the city,the more the number of cities,the closer the distance between each other,the fewer types of services provided,the smaller the scope of services,and the fewer functions,such as the Great Wall Barrier City,various military forts;5.City construction The terrain is often relatively flat and close to the water source.Military cities are mostly built in the piedmont valleys of the Guyin Mountains in the north and the Yellow River Basin.They lean against the natural barriers of the Yinshan Mountains and the Yellow River.There are many large residential cities such as capitals and palaces.The Tumochuan Plain,built in the central part of Hohhot,has a flat and open terrain and convenient transportation.The Guyin Mountain’s “use of danger to stop the plug” and the Yellow River’s main stream and tributary “use the river as a plug and live by water”,the transportation of naval soldiers and grain,and the role of the Yellow River’s natural barriers have had a greater impact on the location of the city and the construction of the city;6 Among the historical cities in Hohhot,the square city has the largest proportion,accounting for 67%.Various shapes such as rhombus,triangle,"Hun",curved ruler,convex shape,etc.have appeared,but this irregular shape accounts for a small proportion,Often because the natural environment of the city fluctuates with the ups and downs of the rivers,mountains and rivers,according to different topography;7.As the country becomes prosperous and the social productive forces gradually develop,the ruler’s demand for their own interests gradually increases,and the city is in the process of construction,The function is gradually perfected,from a single function to a collection of politics,military,economy,religion,transportation,commerce,and culture.