| In recent years,due to its flexible deployment,high-quality line-of-sight channels,high mobility,and strong adaptability,UAVs have become a research hotspot in academia and industry.In the future 6G communication network,drones can provide more flexible communication services than fixed base stations on the ground,and will become an indispensable part of the communication network.The application scenarios of drones are mainly on-demand short-term service scenarios,such as providing communication offloading,computing offloading,and wireless energy transfer services for highly dense areas.In this case,due to sudden service requests and complex and changeable environments,the deployment of ground infrastructure has the disadvantages of high cost and poor flexibility.Using drones to provide flexible on-demand services can effectively meet unexpected service requests.And then improve the network service quality and performance.This article considers using UAVs to assist ground base stations to provide wireless energy transfer services for low-power smart devices to maximize the benefits of ground base stations.In addition,considering the security and privacy issues of untrusted UAV-assisted wireless energy transfer,a secure energy sharing mechanism based on blockchain is proposed,which effectively improves the security of wireless energy transfer.This paper first proposes a UAV-assisted wireless energy transfer network architecture based on blockchain,and designs a UAV-assisted wireless energy security transfer mechanism.Then,two problems in the mechanism are studied.First,consider the incentive problem,that is,how to motivate UAVs to participate in wireless energy transfer services and solve the problem of information asymmetry between UAVs and ground base stations.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a solution based on contract theory.The other is the overtime energy micro-transaction consensus problem.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a solution based on deep reinforcement learning.The specific work is as follows:(1)First,a blockchain-based UAV-assisted wireless energy transfer network architecture is proposed,which divides the UAV-assisted wireless energy transfer network into an energy layer and a blockchain layer.Then,combined with the characteristics of drones and ground networks,an air-regional block chain that integrates practical Byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)and directed acyclic graph(DAG)is designed,and it is used for identity authentication,energy micro-transactions,Key details such as heterogeneous consensus process and energy currency payment were designed.(2)Secondly,in order to encourage UAVs to participate in wireless energy transfer services of ground base stations,a wireless power transfer model based on contract theory is established from the perspective of ground base stations.This model can encourage UAVs to participate in incompetent energy while maximizing the benefits of ground base stations.Transmission service.Solve the optimization equation by using Lagrangian multiplier method,and use MATLAB to complete the experimental simulation.Experimental results show that this scheme can effectively motivate drones to wirelessly charge smart devices,and can effectively improve the benefits of ground base stations.(3)Finally,from the perspective of time delay,the heterogeneous consensus mechanism of the PBFT protocol consensus overtime energy micro-transaction is designed.By optimizing variables such as customer node selection,bandwidth allocation,and computing resource allocation,an optimization problem that maximizes the long-term benefits of the air-regional block chain is constructed.Considering the time-varying characteristics of the air-regional block chain network environment,the Deep Q-Learning(DQN)algorithm is used to solve the optimal solution.Experimental results show that this scheme can effectively improve the throughput of the air-regional block chain network and the long-term benefits of the master node. |
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