A Study Of Kth Injury Mechanism In Lower Limbs Among Traffic Participants In Vehicle Frontal Collision

Proportion of severe injuries to pedestrians and occupants remains high.In these accidents,lower limb injuries are the most captured injuries especially in frontal collisions.In terms of pedestrians: at this stage,lower limb impactor cannot reflect the specific locations of lower limb injuries during impact.Based on the finite element models of Chinese lower limbs with different ages and five models of common automotive front shapes,the study analyzed the influence of age difference and automotive front shape on lower limb injury outcomes through numerical research.At the same time,with the increase with pedestrians’ age,the risk of lower extremity injury will increase.For the passengers in the car: the lower limb injury is the occupant injury pattern that has the largest proportion under frontal small overlap collision.Because the active muscle function may effects the knee injury response,this study introduces active muscle action to the injury outputs.By defining the amount of intrusion of the brake pedal and the instrument panel,the input parameters of the occupants’ lower limbs are presented by the deformation of the car.The state of injury was qualitatively analyzed by analyzing the stress and strain of the bones and ligaments around knee joint.The results show that active muscles can significantly affect the response of lower extremity injuries.Besides,the ankle joint is an important factor to ensure the normal movement of the lower limbs.However,it is important to study the small overlap frontal impact on the ankle joint responses.Similarly,the effects of active muscle function are also introduced.A new finite element model is established by considering the emergency braking conditions.Method for setting boundary conditions for simulating knee joint injury.The results show that active muscle function has a greater impact on the driver’s ankle injury.In this study,a combination of macro-index and micro-index was used to analyze the mechanism and risk of lower extremity injury.The research results can provide a reference for the study of lower limb KTH(Knee-Thigh-Hip)injury in traffic accidents.