Research On Joint Optimization Of High-speed Railway Train Plan And Differential Pricing Considering Competitive Relationship

In recent years,the scale of China’s high-speed railway network has been rapidly developed.High-speed railway passenger traffic has become the most important means of transportation for Chinese passengers in long-distance travel due to its large volume,relatively low fare and convenient travel.However,with the continuous advancement of the marketization process of the transportation industry,the competition between high-speed railway passenger traffic and other modes of transportation has become increasingly fierce.The reasonable formulation of high-speed rail passenger transportation pricing strategies and train plan are important factors to improve the operational efficiency and competitiveness of railway enterprises.Train plan is the core of the railway passenger traffic organization,and its reasonable degree determines the level of operational efficiency and service level of railway operating enterprises.Since the National Development and Reform Commission released the high-speed rail fares in2016,the joint optimization of the differential pricing of railway tickets and the train plan has become the focus of research in recent years.At the same time,passenger flow distribution is the core part of the optimization of the train plan.Whether the passenger flow distribution method is reasonable or not is directly related to the pros and cons of the train plan.Therefore,the main research direction of this paper is to jointly optimize the train plan and differential pricing by adopting a more practical passenger flow distribution method and considering the influence of other modes of transportation in the transportation market.The core content includes the following parts:(1)This article first studies the construction of a high-speed rail service network considering competition,and analyzes the travel choice behavior of passengers on the basis of this network,and proposes a generalized travel utility function for passengers.Then,the passenger flow distribution method was studied separately from the time and space dimension.The spatial dimension refers to the allocation of passengers to different travel paths,that is,the distribution strategy of passenger flow,which characterizes the travel choice behavior of passengers;the time dimension refers to the ticketing of passengers in a certain loading order,that is,the flow of passengers The loading strategy is to characterize the order in which passengers occupy transportation resources.This paper proposes different passenger flow distribution strategies and passenger flow loading strategies and combines them into different passenger flow distribution methods,and analyzes their effects in combination with cases to find a passenger flow distribution method that is more suitable for the actual situation.(2)On the basis of the obtained passenger flow distribution method,the passenger flow distribution is used as the feedback link of the train plan,and the idea of candidate set is adopted to construct the optimization model of the train plan.Then,considering the impact of other modes of transportation in the transportation market,a two-tier model for optimization of train plan considering competition is constructed.The upper model is the optimization model of train plan that maximizes the revenue of high-speed rail,and the lower model is based on the total travel cost of passengers.Minimized passenger flow distribution model,and designed a hybrid algorithm for this model to solve it.Hybrid algorithms include particle swarm algorithm and MSA algorithm.Finally,a design example is used to verify the effectiveness of the model.(3)In order to better enhance the competitiveness and transportation efficiency of high-speed rail in the passenger transportation market,this paper introduces differential pricing for travel routes,proposes a differential pricing theory based on passenger flow distribution and establishes a random user balance based on differential pricing.Distribution model.Combining the passenger flow distribution model with the optimization model of the train plan,a joint optimization model of the train plan and differential pricing considering the competition relationship is constructed,and a hybrid algorithm is designed to solve it.Then,a calculation example was designed to verify the validity of the model,and the sensitivity analysis of the key parameters in the model was carried out.Finally,take the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway train plan as an example to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the model,and provide support for the optimization of the high-speed rail train plan under the market environment.