Distribution Route Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Considering Time Window Constraint

In the context of increasingly serious environmental pollution problems,electric vehicles have environmental protection features such as low emissions and low noise pollution.The promotion of electric vehicles can help improve regional environmental pollution problems and increase the rate of renewable energy consumption,and has received strong support from national policies.The application of electric vehicles in the field of logistics and distribution requires consideration of their short cruising range and long charging time.Therefore,as one of the latest extensions to the vehicle routing problem,the electric vehicle distribution route optimization problem has attracted wide attention from researchers in recent years.Based on this,it is of great significance to study the optimization problem of electric vehicle distribution route with time window in this paper.The thesis first introduces the theory and basic model of the traditional vehicle routing problem,and then studies the method of solving the vehicle routing problem.It points out that the ant colony algorithm can be used to solve more complex vehicle routing problems.The opportunity to obtain the global optimal solution,and it has strong robustness.Next,it analyzes the characteristics and charging mode of electric vehicles,and points out that applying electric vehicles to the vehicle routing problem needs to consider entering the charging station during the delivery process,which leads to an increase in delivery costs and an increase in delivery time.Based on this,an electric vehicle path optimization model with time window constraints is established.This model comprehensively considers the fixed cost,transportation cost,time window penalty cost and charging cost of the vehicle,and takes the minimization of the total cost as the objective function.Among them,the customer tolerance is considered in the penalty cost of the time window.As a result,a broken line time window is established on the basis of the traditional soft time window.In addition,two charging methods,mechanical charging and fast charging,are considered in the charging cost,and the appropriate charging method is selected according to the length of the charging time.Next,use Solomon’s VRPTW standard problem set as the basis for relevant data analysis,and uses ant colony algorithm to solve the model,Gives the best plan for the distribution of electric vehicles.Finally,the solution results and various costs and algorithm parameters that affect the path optimization of electric vehicles are analyzed,which proves the validity of the constructed model and the algorithm used,and combines the actual situation of the enterprise to give feasible management suggestions.