The Location Method Of Conventional Bus Stations Considering The Functions And Types

The bus station is a key node in the residents’ travel chain.The reasonable location planning directly affects the residents’ sense of travel experience and the concrete implementation of the concept of public transportation first.Existing research and traditional site selection processes are mainly oriented by passenger flow collection,distribution and other station traffic functions.Decision-making and planning are based on a single objective such as passenger travel costs or enterprise construction and operation costs,and passenger travel costs are mostly based on the difference between the demand point and the alternative point.The straight-line distance is a conversion index,and it has not been optimized from multiple perspectives such as passengers,enterprises,and social resources.With the evolution of problems such as the shortage of land resources for urban bus stations and the demand for high-quality travel by passengers,it is particularly important to consider other functions such as passenger transfers and comprehensive development of stations in the process of site selection combined with the layout of the surrounding businesses of the station yard.Therefore,this article starts from the definition of the functional types of stations and takes the location of conventional bus yards considering the types of functions as the research object,explores new location methods for conventional bus yards,and improves the index factors set in the current location problem.Problems such as incompleteness and low model accuracy.The main research content includes the following aspects:1.On the basis of summarizing the current bus station classification system and classification methods,from the two dimensions of station transfer service level and comprehensive development potential,relying on the WARD clustering algorithm in the systematic clustering method,constructing consideration of node characteristics and places the classification model of yard function based on attributes.Then take the 47 bus stations that have been built and officially put into use in Chongqing as an example,combined with POI hotspots and station yard survey data,using SPSS statistical analysis software,the stations are divided into basic types,rail transfer types,and commercial and residential integration.Comprehensiving four types,and according to the single factor analysis results of the indicators,accurately locate the specific functions of each type of station.2.Based on the analysis and consideration of functional types of conventional bus station site selection model construction ideas,from the perspective of maximizing the overall social benefits,based on passenger travel distance perception satisfaction,investment and construction costs,land intensification and other site selection goals,Construct a multi-objective optimization site selection model considering the functional types of the station yard,and use genetic algorithms to solve the site selection model.In the model,the classification results of the stations are integrated into the cost objective function and the land intensification objective function as an impact factor,and the Sigmoid function is selected to quantify the satisfaction under different service response distances.3.Examples verify the feasibility and applicability of the model.Taking the newlyadded bus station in Nan’an District of Chongqing City as the research object,the service matrix and the most optimal location scheme are obtained according to the classification and location model established in this paper.The results show that the model constructed in this paper has stronger applicability and improves the social benefits of site selection decision-making.The total objective function value is compared with model one(multiobjective site selection without considering function types),model two(single objective site selection based on cost minimization),model three(single objective site selection based on optimization of service quality),model Fourth(based on the single-target site selection with the highest degree of land intensification)increased by 62.18%,52.31%,14.08%,and 59.36% respectively.Among them,in terms of cost targets,model one,model two,and model three are reduced by 28.51%,28.15%,and 17.86%,respectively,and model four is increased by 71.43%;among the service quality targets,model one,model two,and model four are reduced by 22.81% respectively,9.84%,29.41%,only model three increased by 10.98%;in the intensive target,model one,model two,model three were reduced by 60.98%,63.41%,39.02%,and only model three increased by48.78%.