Research On Community Outdoor Space Based On The Behavior Of Seniors Caring Children

In recent years,the increasingly serious population aging and the baby boom caused by the comprehensive two-child policy aggravate the challenges of community endowment and childcare.Community endowment and childcare resources need to be integrated,and the special phenomenon of the elderly taking care of children in China makes this demand more obvious.The current outdoor environment design has not yet been able to meet the specific needs of the elderly and young people who are the main user of community outdoor space.Existing outdoor public space are usually designed according to the standards of adults,and previous studies have focused only on single group.With the concept of inclusive design,universal design and design for everyone put forward,outdoor space design research gradually began to pay attention to the needs of composite groups.Going out together not only helps to improve the life quality of the elderly,but also helps to improve the growth quality of children.If we can provide a suitable outdoor environment for their activities and increase the time and frequency of outdoor activities for the elderly and children,it will be helpful to solve the problem of supporting the aged and caring for the young.Under this background,this study explore in group which contains man more than 60 ～ 74 years old caring the children aged 0 ～ 6 in community open space,and manage to figure out how to provide a fully functional environment with rich elements,appropriate arrangement and scale to meet the demand of them,thus improve this group’s outdoor spaces use satisfaction,in the meantime,promote interaction between the generations to create an inclusive community outdoor public space.Taking the old communities in Yuexiu District and Tianhe District of Guangzhou as research sites,this paper selected 9 outdoor community spaces of different scales and characteristics in 5 communities to conduct fixed point observation,behavior tracking and semi-structured interview in outdoor Spaces such as green Spaces near houses,community squares and street parks where the elderly and children often play.The activity characteristics and nursing behaviors of 151 elderly and young adults were summarized.Group of the elderly carrying children were divided into three types: dependent type,semi-dependent type and independent type according to the age stage and the degree of attachment of the children to the elderly.In addition,the typical nursing behaviors of each type of the groups are summarized,and the problems in space,elements and scale encountered in the process of elderly nursing children in community outdoor public space are analyzed.In the end,the three space modes required by three different types of elderly and young children are summarized.