Simulation Analysis And Structural Optimization Of Frontal And Side Collision Of Aluminum Alloy Body

With the increasingly serious problems of energy shortages and environmental pollution,the development and manufacturing of electric vehicles has become an important development direction for major car companies.At the same time,limited by the development of battery life,lightweight and good-performance aluminum alloy materials have gradually become the first choice for electric vehicles.As the market share of electric vehicles continues to increase,people are paying more and more attention to the safety performance of electric vehicles.How to improve the collision safety performance of electric vehicles while reducing weight is a topic worthy of research.Based on the above content,this article takes a certain aluminum alloy body electric vehicle as the research object,Establish a frontal 100% rigid wall collision model and a side-moving obstacle wall collision model,conducts a collision simulation on the initial model,and verifies the validity of the model based on the actual vehicle crash test data.Then analyze the initial simulation results of the frontal collision according to the crashworthiness indicators such as the front cabin collapse and deformation,the energy-absorbing force path,the B-pillar acceleration,the front wall intrusion,and the intrusion and intrusion of the B-pillar,door,and threshold Indexes such as speed,vehicle speed and acceleration,and battery pack deformation analyze the initial simulation results of side collisions to determine the direction of structural optimization.In this paper,by adopting the method of orthogonal experimental design,the sensitivity analysis of the front cabin components is carried out,and the key components that have a greater impact on the impact energy absorption effect are screened out by the range analysis;then the optimized Latin square test design method is used to analyze the key components.DOE test design for thickness,with its quality as a constraint,multi-objective optimization of key components,establishment of three different types of approximate models,selection of the most accurate proxy model through error analysis,and use of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm NSGA-II Carry out iterative optimization to obtain the optimal pareto solution set,and select a suitable optimization plan from it.According to the optimization plan,the collision simulation model was rebuilt,and the simulation calculation was performed again.The comparative analysis of simulation results before and after optimization show that the collision safety performance of the whole vehicle is improved through optimization,and the collision resistance performance of the whole vehicle meets the requirements of the national standard.At the same time,the weight reduction is achieved to a certa in extent,which proves the feasibility of the optimization method.The content can also provide a certain reference for the passive safety performance research of other electric vehicles.