Optimal Scheduling Of Distributed Resources Considering Sharing Mode In Virtual Power Plant

In recent years,due to environmental degradation and the support of relevant national policies,the proportion of renewable energy installed capacity has gradually increased.The access of a large number of distributed renewable energy sources has improved the cleanliness of electric power energy,but brought challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power system.Virtual power plants can be made of distributed power generation and demand response resources,the traditional operation strategy of virtual power plant is taken as a whole for economy,but with the development of electricity market reform,the virtual power plant behave more independently,its economic interests exist certain independence,it is difficult to realize centralized scheduling and complementary operation.At the same time,more and more consumers choose to adopt distributed power generators and then become "prosumers".Therefore,it is necessary to study the internal operation mechanism of virtual power plants to cope with the operation demands of internal multi-property rights virtual power plants.Based on this background,the main contributions of this paper are as follows:(1)The basic concept of electricity sharing among producers and consumers is introduced,the internal trading mechanism of virtual power plant’s middle consumers is proposed,and the overall social welfare division of virtual power plant is analyzed according to periods of peak,shoulder and valley.According to the external characteristics of producers and consumers,the utility function of producers and consumers is established from the perspective of producers as producers or consumers.Based on the supply and demand ratio of shared electric energy in the virtual power plant,the fairness index of social welfare division in the virtual power plant is proposed,and a Stackelberg model with the virtual power plant as the leader and the distributed energy producer and consumer as the follower is constructed.The social welfare of virtual power plant is equitably divided and the sharing benefits and utility of producers and consumers are considered under the power-sharing mode.The dynamic game relationship between the upper level virtual power plant operator and the lower level producer and consumer is studied.The example analysis shows that the pricing model can achieve the most equitable distribution of the internal income of the virtual power plant and the equilibrium of the producer and consumer’s own utility maximization,which can provide a certain reference for the future operation of the virtual power plant with multiple internal property rights.(2)A multi-objective optimal pricing model of virtual power plant considering output stability is established.First,starting from the specific connotation of output stability of virtual power plant,the effect of output stability of virtual power plant on main network is characterized by equivalent load variance,considering the elasticity of demand of the person that produce elimination and energy storage unit as a means of regulation,establish a cost minimization,social welfare division with target of minimizing the most fair and equivalent load variance of multi-objective optimization pricing model;An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on grey relational degree was used to solve the multi-objective optimal pricing model of virtual power plant considering power sharing,and the economy,fairness and output stability of virtual power plant operation under different pricing schemes were analyzed.The role of the participation of energy storage devices in different pricing schemes is analyzed.(3)A two-layer model of iterative interaction between the virtual power plant and the main grid with multiple internal property rights is proposed in the market environment.The interaction model between the virtual power plant and the main network is taken as the outer layer,and the pricing model of the virtual power plant considering power sharing is taken as the inner layer.Through the iterative interaction between the main grid and the virtual power plant,the output of the virtual power plant and the nodal price of the main grid are converged finally.Compared with the scheduling mode which takes the virtual power plant as the price receiver,it is verified that the two-layer interaction model between the virtual power plant and the main network can effectively reduce the operation cost of the virtual power plant and improve the overall social welfare of the virtual power plant and the main network.