Research On The Optimization Of Interior Ballistic Performance Of Howitzer Based On Modern Optimization Algorithm

Aiming at the internal ballistic performance optimization of howitzer,the modern optimization algorithm was applied to the zero-dimensional internal ballistic mathematical model of howitzer.Through the optimization of loading parameters,the internal ballistic performance of howitzer can be improved.The main contents were as follows:The classical interior ballistic model of howitzer was numerically calculated by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method,and the variation law of the average value of ballistic parameters（such as the pressure in the chamber）was obtained.The numerical calculation results were in good agreement with the shooting experimental results,which shows that the interior ballistic model can accurately describe the motion law of projectile in the chamber.Therefore,the interior ballistic performance of the howitzer can be optimized based on the interior ballistic model of the howitzer.In order to realize the optimization scheme of internal ballistic charge structure of howitzer,artificial fish swarm algorithm,firefly algorithm and sparrow search algorithm were applied to the optimization model of howitzer,and its internal ballistic performance was improved by optimizing the loading parameters of howitzer.Compared with the artificial fish swarm algorithm,the firefly algorithm and sparrow search algorithm had lower global optimization ability and were easy to fall into local optimization.Therefore,mainly improves the optimization effect.Firstly,the muzzle velocity was taken as the objective function,the charge quantity and the gunpowder arc thickness were taken as the design variables,the maximum pressure in the chamber and the relative combustion end point of gunpowder were selected under the constraints,and the corresponding optimization algorithm was used to solve the optimization model.Then the results obtained under different optimization algorithms were analyzed and discussed.The results show that the muzzle velocity obtained by the improved optimization algorithm was further improved compared with the muzzle velocity obtained before the improvement.Among them,the maximum muzzle velocity of 731.10 m/s can be obtained by using the improved sparrow search algorithm,which shows that the improvement of the algorithm was effective.Finally,the loading parameters obtained under the above optimization algorithm were substituted into the interior ballistic model.The results show that under the given maximum chamber pressure constraint,the muzzle velocity can be increased by about 18 m/s compared with that before optimization.Taking the maximum muzzle velocity,minimum muzzle pressure and maximum ballistic efficiency as sub objectives,the multi-objective optimization model of howitzer interior ballistic was established,and then the multi-objective optimization algorithm was used to study the interior ballistic performance of howitzer.For the multi-objective optimization of howitzer interior trajectory,NSGA-Ⅱ,improved NSGA-Ⅱ（DE-NSGA-Ⅱ）based on differential evolution and NSGA-Ⅲ were used for multi-objective optimization.The results of the above three multiobjective optimization solutions were analyzed and compared.The results show that compared with NSGA-Ⅱ,the solution set diversity of Pareto optimal solution obtained by improved NSGA-Ⅱ was better,and the distribution of Pareto optimal solution obtained by NSGA-Ⅲ was more uniform.By analyzing the influence of the loading parameters obtained after multiobjective optimization on the interior ballistic performance,it can provide reference for the designer in the optimization design of interior ballistic charge.Finally,the operation efficiency between the algorithms was compared.The results show that the operation efficiency of NSGAⅡ was the highest,the operation efficiency of improved NSGA-Ⅱ was the second,and the operation efficiency of NSGA-Ⅲ was the lowest.The modern optimization algorithm was used to study the interior ballistic performance of howitzer with single objective and multi-objective optimization respectively.In the single objective optimization,only the muzzle velocity was taken as the only objective.The optimization results show that the muzzle velocity was obviously improved under the constraints of maximum chamber pressure and relative burnout point.However,in the actual ballistic research,the interior ballistic performance needs to be comprehensively considered.Therefore,the maximum muzzle velocity,minimum muzzle pressure and maximum ballistic efficiency were optimized,Finally,it has a certain reference value for the ballistic design of howitzer to improve the performance of howitzer.