Optimal Sensor Placement For Vibration Test Of Tracked Vehicles And Realization Of Test System

Tracked vehicles will face various harsh driving conditions during their service,and the fluctuations of the road surface will bring certain vibrations and shocks to the car body.The actual measurement of the vibration response of the tracked vehicle under various excitations through the sensing test method can provide a scientific basis for the optimization of the structure of the tracked vehicle.In the vibration test of large-size structural parts,the layout of the vibration sensor should be carried out first to ensure that the vibration response signal of the crawler vehicle body is obtained scientifically and reasonably.In view of this,this article takes the tracked vehicle semi-vehicle as the object,combined with the sensor layout optimization theory,carries out the optimization calculation of sensor placement for tracked vehicle semi-car body based on improved particle swarm algorithm,and then develops a tracked vehicle vibration test and analysis system integrating sensor layout optimization.The main research contents are as follows:（1）Based on the sensor placement optimization theory and basic particle swarm algorithm,a particle swarm optimization algorithm with nonlinear dynamic adjustment of inertial weight collaborative learning factor（PSO-IWLF）is proposed,which is used as the subsequent sensor placement optimization algorithm,and the performance of the algorithm is simulated.（2）Taking the half-vehicle tracked vehicle as the research object,through the finite element modal analysis of the half-vehicle tracked vehicle,the modal values of the different order modes of the node are obtained as input for optimization calculation data;According to the modal confidence criterion（MAC）,the PSO-IWLF algorithm is used to carry out the optimization calculation of the layout of the vibration acceleration sensor of the semi-car body of the tracked vehicle,and the effectiveness of the optimization result is verified through the actual measurement and analysis of the vibration response.（3）Build a vibration test hardware system according to the requirements of test and analysis functions;Using MATLAB and Lab VIEW mixed programming method,and call Math Script script node to carry out data stream transmission between Lab VIEW and MATLAB,and then develop the tracked vehicle vibration test and analysis software embedded with the PSO-IWLF algorithm to realize the optimization of sensor layout,data acquisition,and data Management,data analysis and other functions.（4）Based on the tracked vehicle vibration test bench,the simulated road surface spectrum signals of Gobi roads,sand-gravel roads,paved roads and undulating roads at different speeds were used as control inputs to carry out four types of tracked vehicle vibration test experiments under the excitation of simulated typical road spectra;Carry out time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal,and compare with the analysis results of the existing vibration test software.The research conclusions of this paper can provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for tracked vehicle vibration testing and body structure optimization,and have certain engineering practical value and significance.