Architecture Design And Algorithm Research Of Electric Vehicle Energy Trading System

Environmental pollution and fossil fuel shortages have become two serious issues across the globe.As people pay more attention to environment protection,the number of electric vehicles（EVs）is gradually increasing.However,as the number of EVs increases,it becomes increasingly difficult to manage their daily charging and discharging behaviors.Therefore,the universal popularization of EVs is faced with many challenges,mainly as follows: as the number of EVs rapidly increases,their charging behavior can lead to congestion,fluctuations,and extreme overload peaks in the power distribution network;there lacks a distributed convenient,efficient and secure mechanism that can be used for V2 G or V2 V energy trading.Therefore,this thesis aims to design a secure and efficient energy trading system for V2 G and V2 V in the Internet of vehicles energy system,so as to realize reasonable charging and discharging management of electric vehicles.The main contributions of this thesis are as follows:（1）For EVs in charging stations,a vehicle-to-vehicle（V2V）and vehicle-togrid（V2G）electricity trading architecture based on blockchain is proposed in this thesis.All energy transactions of EVs can be recorded on the blockchain ledger to ensure privacy and smart contracts work as agents for pricing and optimal energy allocation.Furthermore,we introduce a two-way auction mechanism based on the Bayesian game and design a new price adjustment strategy.Finally,we propose a bidirectional auction mechanism based on the Bayesian game approach.We use extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm.Simulation results show that the social welfare and cost performance of our algorithm can be improved by up to 102.8% and 319%,respectively.The results of this algorithm are consistent with the actual energy trading market,and the performance is better than existing algorithms.（2）For EVs on the road,a decentralized charging framework based on blockchain for EVs to select the optimal charging stations is proposed in this thesis.In this charging framework,EVs communicate with charging stations in a decentralized manner.Then,aiming at the energy trading price problem,this research aims to maximize the benefits of both sides of the transaction and uses Bayesian game theory to model it to determine the optimal price.Secondly,based on the optimal transaction price,the distance from the charging station,the reputation of the charging station and other factors,an algorithm is proposed to minimize the total cost of EVs’ charging station selection,and the EVs make decentralized charging station selection decisions.The blockchain network is then used to store records of energy transactions and protect user privacy.Finally,the proposed algorithm is compared with two existing algorithms through simulations.With the same input,the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms in terms of running time and transaction price,and the simulation results of the algorithm accord with the law of the actual energy trading market.