Research On Trusted Resource Sharing Mechanism For Power Internet Of Things

In recent years,the power Internet of things has developed rapidly.Based on the energy Internet,the power Internet of things has expanded the range of users from people to any object.Through infrared sensors,global positioning system and other sensing equipment,everything is interconnected according to standardized protocols,completely breaking the situation of data isolation and independence,allowing data flow and realizing data exchange and communication.However,with the increase of communication traffic,the power Internet of things has an increasing demand for spectrum resources.At the same time,with the increasing number of power equipment,how to meet the power demand of each equipment in the power Internet of things is a huge challenge.Peer to peer（P2P）spectrum sharing and power trading are promising solutions to meet the spectrum and power demand of the power Internet of things.However,the implementation of large-scale P2 P spectrum sharing and power trading faces security and privacy challenges.Therefore,this paper uses alliance blockchain and directed acyclic graph（DAG）to build a distributed spectrum sharing and power trading framework of power Internet of things,namely spectrum power chain,to solve the security and privacy problems in the transaction process.In addition,in the power Internet of things blockchain consensus process,due to the workload proving that a large number of computing resources are required,nodes with weak computing power in the power Internet of things cannot directly participate in the calculation in the consensus process.In this case,blockchain fragment verification mechanism is a good solution.The blockchain fragmentation process is to divide the blockchain into parallel subgroups（committees）.Each committee is led by the block leader.Each committee completes its own consensus process in parallel,generates new blocks and uploads them to the blockchain.In the process of slice verification,due to their limited computing power and insufficient spectrum resources,each committee needs its own blockchain leaders to purchase the computing power and spectrum resources of computing nodes to help it complete the verification of blocks and broadcast the verification results.Computing nodes can also earn money by selling their computing power and spectrum resources.However,the information between the block leader and the computing node is asymmetric,resulting in the imbalance of benefits between the block leader and the computing node.Therefore,this paper designs a blockchain fragment consensus resource sharing scheme based on multi-dimensional contract theory to solve this problem.The specific work of this paper is as follows:（1）Using DAG blockchain,this paper proposes a new distributed spectrum sharing and power trading framework of power Internet of things-spectrum power chain.First,local aggregators（LAGs）use the alliance blockchain to confirm the identity of power equipment and form the main chain.Then,the local power equipment simultaneously and asynchronously verifies the spectrum and power micro transaction to form the local spectrum sub chain and local power sub chain respectively.Furthermore,a spectrum and power micro transaction scheme based on iterative bilateral auction is designed to solve the pricing and quantitative problems of spectrum and power between power equipment.Finally,the security analysis and simulation results show that the proposed spectrum power chain can ensure the safe sharing of power spectrum and power resources in the Internet of things.At the same time,the micro trading scheme based on iterative bilateral auction can improve the efficiency of spectrum and power resource sharing.（2）This paper uses the blockchain fragmentation technology to divide the blockchain in the power Internet of things into parallel sub groups（committees）.Each committee completes the consensus process of uploading transaction records to the blockchain in the power Internet of things in parallel,and is responsible for synchronously generating and maintaining sub chains to complete the process of uploading transaction records to the blockchain in the power Internet of things.Furthermore,a blockchain fragment resource sharing scheme based on multi-dimensional contract theory is designed to solve the problem of information asymmetry in the consensus process between committees and computing nodes in the power Internet of things,and meet the individual rationality and incentive compatibility conditions on the premise of ensuring the maximum total benefit.The simulation results show that the proposed blockchain fragmentation mechanism and the designed fragmentation resource sharing scheme based on multi-dimensional contract theory can improve the transaction consensus efficiency in the power Internet of things.