| With the rapid improvement of living standards in today’s society,people gradually realize the sustainable development of the ecological environment,and the requirements of greening rate and greening environment in residential areas are also increasing gradually.Single landscape greening design or pure ecological design can not meet the requirements of modern people to build the greening environment in residential areas,but it will promote the greening of residential areas now.Landscape,ecology and service are integrated into the green development situation.Establishing a scientific and reasonable evaluation system to effectively evaluate the visual aesthetics,ecological characteristics and service functions of plant communities in Zhengzhou residential areas is the starting point and foothold of this paper.Based on the species composition,species diversity,plant landscape effect and landscape evaluation of plant communities in six residential areas of Zhengzhou City,and combined with the geographical environment,climatic characteristics and regional cultural characteristics of Zhengzhou City,this paper comprehensively evaluates the landscape greening effect and ecological benefit of residential areas,and points out the shortcomings of plant landscape construction in residential areas of Zhengzhou City.It is hoped that these suggestions will provide a strong theoretical basis and reference for the construction of "aesthetic","ecological" and "service" plant communities in Zhengzhou residential areas in the future.Investigation and analysis results: There are 83 species,37 families and 60 genera of plants in 36 sample plots of plant communities in 6 residential areas of Zhengzhou.There are 46 species of trees,30 species of shrubs,1 species of vines and 6 species of herbs,including 36 species of evergreen trees and 47 species of deciduous trees.Rosaceae is the family with more than 10 species,including 11 genera and 20 species.The average density ratio of tree to shrub was 0.0043:1 in 36 sample plots of plant communities.There was a great difference between tree layer and shrub layer,and the density of shrub layer was much higher than that of tree layer.According to the analysis of plant application angle in the investigation area,it is concluded that there is little difference in plant species among the six residential areas.According to the analysis of plant life-form composition in the residential areas,the evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed type is the most common type of plant community.From the investigation and analysis of the spatial structure of plants,it is concluded that the average DBH of trees in residential areas is between 10-20 cm,the average tree height is between 2-5 m and the average crown width is between 2-4 M.Based on the analysis of species diversity in sample plots of plant communities in the investigation area,the average Gleason index,Margalef index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wienner index and Pielou evenness index were 1.1398,1.0887,0.5880,1.2807 and 0.7811 respectively.The highest species diversity Gleason index,Margalef index,Simpson index,Shannon-Wienner index and Pielou evenness index were tree layer.The ornamental characteristics of plants in the investigation area are divided into flower,fruit,leaf,branch and posture plants.There are 46 flower plants,25 fruit plants,52 leaf plants and 21 branch and trunk plants in the investigation area.Flower-viewing trees are the main species of flower-viewing plants in Zhengzhou investigating residential areas.Flowering period is mainly concentrated in March-May in spring,and the pink-red color is the most abundant.Fruit-viewing trees are the main species of fruit-viewing plants in Zhengzhou investigating residential areas.Fruit-viewing trees mainly concentrate in September-November in autumn,and the red color is the most abundant.Fruit-viewing plants have more drupes and capsules in fruit-type.Ornamental shrub is the main shrub species among the ornamental plants in the residential area of Zhengzhou.There are many monochrome leaf types of ornamental plants,and the proportion of leaf color according to the ornamental season is larger than that of autumn leaf color.The reddish-brown color of ornamental trunk plants accounted for a large proportion in the color of ornamental trunk.Using AHP analytic hierarchy process,a comprehensive evaluation system of landscape quality of plant communities in residential areas of Zhengzhou City was constructed based on 12 program-level indicators of three criteria levels: visual aesthetics,ecological function and service function.In terms of the weight of indicators,the ecological function is more important than the visual aesthetic feeling and service function in the criterion layer.Through the scoring and comprehensive evaluation of plant community sample plots by experts and professionals,it is concluded that among 36 plant community sample plots,there are 3 communities with grade I,28 communities with grade II and 5 communities with grade III,and there is no community with grade IV in plant community landscape CEI comprehensive evaluation index.It shows that the overall quality of plant community landscape in Zhengzhou residential area is in a good level.In view of the existing problems of plant communities in 36 plots of residential areas,the following suggestions are put forward: 1.Emphasizing the ecological functions of plants;2.Improving the diversity of plants;3.Improving the application of native tree species;4.Selecting tree species according to local conditions;5.Advocating vertical three-dimensional greening to increase the greening area of residential areas;6.Combining urban landscape with visual aesthetics;7.Constructing sustainable development conservation tube;Rational model;8.Embody the design principle of "people-oriented".The construction of plant landscape in residential area not only brings visual enjoyment to residents,but also represents urban green landscape to a certain extent.Therefore,when rational plant construction is carried out,attention should also be paid to the ecological benefits of landscape,the ecological structure of landscape should be improved,and the structure of rational population can promote the stability of plant community ecosystem in residential area,and the plant community can achieve the greatest benefits.Full play of functions. |
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