| China is the country with the most abundant duck genetic resources in the world.After long-term protection,development and utilization,some resources have the phenomenon of declining genetic diversity and mixed breeds.In order to strengthen the protection of duck genetic resources,support and guide the monitoring and evaluation of duck genetic resources.In this study,15 duck genetic resources of the National Waterfowl Gene Bank(Fujian)were used as test materials to measure its weight and body size,and perform correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis between each index,and to analyze their population structure and breeds through whole genome resequencing Identification.Then we selected 6 small duck breeds in China to analyze genetic diversity and breed specific identification by STR typing technology.The main results are as follows:1.The 15 duck genetic resources are rich in body weight and some body size traits.Among them,the Jinyun partridge duck has the largest body weight variation coefficient of 12.81%;there is a significant correlation between body weight and body size traits of different types of duck resources,especially large duck breeds For example,Chaohu duck and Ji’an red duck,there is a strong correlation between body weight and body size traits;through regression analysis of body weight and some body size indicators,15 body weight regression equations of duck genetic resources are established,which is the next step for duck inheritance provide reference for resource selection;comparing the body weight and body size of duck genetic resources in this study with the same duck breeds in China National Poultry Breeding Journal(1984)and China Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Journal(2006).Youxian partridge duck and other indicators such as weight and oblique length have been significantly improved,and the effect of conservation is better.In summary,after long-term protection,15 duck genetic resources have maintained rich genetic diversity and have great potential for development and utilization.2.Through PCA analysis,population structure analysis,and phylogenetic tree analysis,it was found that the genetic differentiation of the 15 duck genetic resources was similar.The results of the phylogenetic tree showed that the Mawang duck were grouped into a single group.Jinyun partridge duck,Youxian partridge duck and Shan partridge duck are grouped together;Liancheng white duck,Putian white duck and Putian black duck are grouped together;Sansui duck and Jinding duck are grouped together;Shaoxing duck,Ji’an Red duck,Longsheng Cui duck,Zhongshan partridge duck and Chaohu ducks are grouped together,and brown tsaiya are grouped together;through analysis,47 SNPs are found,and the combination of these SNPs can identify different duck genetic resources.3.The Microsatellite-Toolkit software was used to count the number of alleles,heterozygosity,and polymorphic information of 6 small duck breeds,and the results found that all of microsatellite loci were moderately high polymorphic loci in 6 duck breeds(0.25<PIC<1.00),The average expected heterozygosity at the microsatellite loci is 0.596,and the observed heterozygosity is 0.443.In addition,the UPGMA maps constructed using the DA genetic distance showed that Jingjiang duck first gather with Jinding duck,then with Shan partridge duck and Liancheng white duck,then Youxian partridge duck,Guangxi small partridge duck are grouped into one group.Four pairs of microsatellite loci with shared genotypes were selected to construct a histogram of duck breed identification.According to the different genotype frequencies,different loci can be combined to distinguish these six duck breeds.The breed-specific identification by the microsatellites is reliable and highly effective.In summary,the weight and body traits of 15 duck genetic resources are measured to provide basic data for duck genetic breeding;whole genome re-sequencing is used to mine specific SNPs present in 15 duck genetic resources and use them to identify different duck populations;use Analysis of genetic diversity at 10 microsatellite loci revealed that 6 small body duck breeds are rich in genetic diversity and moderate in genetic variation;using different frequencies of common genotypes,a histogram of duck breed identification was constructed to pass several loci.The combination can effectively identify 6 small duck breeds... |
