Genome-wide Association Analysis Of Wheat Grain Quality And Yield Related Traits

In order to analyze the genetic basis for the formation of correlation between grain quality and yield in wheat region of Huaihe River Basin,the SNP sites significantly related to the target traits were exploited at the genome level.This study took 154 genetic materials as a natural population,measured 8 quality traits and 7 yield-related traits under 3 environmental conditions,using Affymetrix 55K gene chip,combined The linear model performs genome-wide association analysis,detects sites that are significantly associated with the target trait,predicts candidate genes and performs functional annotation,and performs allelic analysis on the significantly associated sites to discover excellent allelic variation.The main findings are as follows:1.Genome-wide association analysis of wheat kernel quality traitsThe BLUP values of the 8 quality traits showed obvious normal distribution characteristics,with a range of 0.81-22.97%,and their generalized heritability was distributed between 31.90-96.18%;cluster analysis of population structure and kinship divided the material population into 6 subgroups;Correlation analysis displayed that there was no statistical correlation between PER and PC,PC and BD,and BD and WC,but there were significant positive correlations between other items at different P value level.Eight quality traits of 65 significantly associated loci were detected,there are 25 SNP detected in at least two conditions,distribution in 1D(1),2B(7),2D(1),4D(1),5A(13),5D(1),6D(1)on chromosome,which with flour yield traits significantly correlation of four markers loci was repeated in the grain hardness detected,a tag in sedimentation value and grain protein content were detected.The phenotypic variation explanation rate(R2)of single marker loci ranged from 11.22-13.65%.Fifty-eight nearest putative genes were identified as candidate genes in the upstream and downstream.One QTL site was found on each chromosome 2B and 5A rsepectively,which was significantly correlated with kernel hardness and protein content.These results lay a foundation for further analysis of genetic composition of quality traits and molecular marker-assisted selection breeding.2.Genome-wide association analysis of yield-related traitsThe BLUP values of the 7 yield-related traits performed obvious normal distribution,with a range of 1.64-7.15%,and the generalized heritability ranged from 44.66-95.58%.Correlation analysis displayed that there were significant positive correlation between HW and KL,KT,KW,but there were negative correlation between KT,KW and WT,WT.A total of thirty-seven significant correlation SNPs were detected for 7 yield-related traits.And eight SNPs were detected in at least two environments.distributed on chromosomes 2B(1),3B(2),4B(1),5A(1),5D(2),and 6D(1).One marker was detected repeatedly in grain width and weight of 100 grains.The seed setting rate(R2)of phenotypic variation at a single marker site ranged from 11.33-27.39%.Thirty-six nearest putative genes were identified as candidate genes in the upstream and downstream.The new discovery revealed a new significant locus controlling the weight of 100 grains on 5A chromosomes.