Study On The Technology Of Seedling And Increasing Yield And Quality By Topdressing Of Saposhnikovia Divaricate

Hebei northwest of the dam on the region’s cool climate,sunshine,and mostly sandy loam soil,suitable for Saposhnikovia divaricate production.However,Saposhnikovia divaricate germination,seedling difficulties,and Saposhnikovia divaricate fields serious weed damage,limiting the development of Saposhnikovia divaricate production.In order to solve this problem,in the sandy chestnut calcium soil field sowing seedling trials,the study of different sowing dates,seed treatment,post-sowing coverage,etc.on the Saposhnikovia divaricate seedling,seedling,weed infestation impact,in order to clarify the suitability of the dam area of Saposhnikovia divaricate sowing safety seedling technology.In the face of Saposhnikovia divaricate fertilization technology research gaps,fertilizer farmers irrational fertilization,as well as Saposhnikovia divaricate shoots,difficult to drug and other issues,in the meadow chestnut calcium soil field fertilization experimental research,respectively,in the two-year,three-year-old Saposhnikovia divaricate in different fertility periods of different nutrient fertilization,monitoring fertilization treatment of Saposhnikovia divaricate fertility characteristics,active ingredient change law,to provide technical basis for the efficient production of Saposhnikovia divaricate in the dam area.The main findings of the study are as follows:1.The effects of seed friction treatment,sowing date and post-sowing mulching on the emergence,formation and weed infection of Saposhnikovia divaricate fields were defined.In the sandy chestnut soil in the northwest plateau area of Hebei,seed friction treatment had no significant effect on the seedling emergence of Saposhnikovia divaricate.In different sowing periods,there were more seedlings on June 25,and the number of seedlings in the next year was significantly higher than that in other sowing periods.The effect of mulching after sowing on seedling emergence was significant.The number of seedling emergence of Saposhnikovia divaricate under Saposhnikovia divaricate straw mulching treatment was 3.3-8.5 times of that under no mulching treatment,and the number of seedling emergence after overwintering was 3.4～14.3 times of that under no mulching treatment.Appropriate late sowing could significantly reduce the invasion of weeds in the current year,but had no significant effect on weeds in the next year.Saposhnikovia divaricate straw mulching reduced the weed coverage in the Saposhnikovia divaricate field by 14.7～23.4 percentage points,the weed density by 77%～79%and the weed coverage by 11.6～36.4 percentage points in the next year compared with the treatment without mulching.The effect of mulching black film on seedling formation and grass inhibition was not obvious.2.The rule of Saposhnikovia divaricate growth and the influence of topdressing on Saposhnikovia divaricate growth and yield were clarifiedThe leaf area and biomass accumulation of biennial and triennial Saposhnikovia divaricate showed a single peak curve in chestnut soil,and the root weight accumulation of Saposhnikovia divaricate continued to increase.Before August,Saposhnikovia divaricate grew mainly in the aboveground part.After August,it began to grow in the underground part as the center.Topdressing can significantly improve Saposhnikovia divaricate plant height,leaf area index(LAI),above-ground dry weight and other indexes.The order of promoting effect of the same fertilizer on leaf area from large to small in different application periods was as follows:early application(mid-June)>half application in early and middle period>middle application(mid-July).When different fertilizers were applied in the same period,the promoting effect was in the order of nitrogen fertilizer effect>nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer effect≈nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer effect.In the biennial Saposhnikovia divaricate topdressing(2019),half of the nitrogen fertilizer was applied either in the early stage(June 17)or in the early and middle stage(June 17 and July 17),showing the advantage of fast average growth rate and high maximum growth rate of root weight,with a significant increase of 23.2%～31.0%compared with the blank treatment.Before the winter of the following year(2020),nitrogen fertilization treatment in 2019 increased by 27.9%～35.1%compared with blank treatment,and nitrogen fertilization treatment in three-year Saposhnikovia divaricate(2020)increased by 23.4%～46.4%in the same year.On the basis of nitrogen application,the yield of phosphorus and potash fertilizer was not obvious.3.The characteristics of the influence of topdressing on the content of effective components in Saposhnikovia divaricate,as well as the content characteristics of bolting products and wild products were clarified.In the topdressing treatment of biennial Saposhnikovia divaricate(2019),the sum of the contents of prim-o-glucosylcimifugin and 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol was between 1.28%and 1.43%,which showed no significant difference from the blank treatment,but showed a decreasing trend.Before overwintering in the next year(2020),the total contents of prim-o-glucosylcimifugin and 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol under topdressing treatment were between 1.50%and 1.56%,which showed no significant difference from the control treatment.In the top fertilizer of three-year Saposhnikovia divaricate(2020),the content of effective components in each top fertilizer treatment was 1.35%-1.53%,with no significant difference compared with the control group.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the content of active components between bolting Saposhnikovia divaricate and Saposhnikovia divaricate that does not bolting in the northwest of Hebei province in mid-June.The content of active ingredient(1.5%)of cultivated Saposhnikovia divaricate harvested before winter was higher than that of wild Saposhnikovia divaricate harvested in each period.In summary,in the Northwest Hebei dam on the region of chestnut calcium soil fields,Saposhnikovia divaricate safety into seedlings of the appropriate sowing date for about June 25,and after sowing should cover about 5cm thickness of Saposhnikovia divaricate straw.In the two-year,three-year-old Saposhnikovia divaricate field,chasing nitrogen fertilizer can make Saposhnikovia divaricate yield increase 23.2%～46.4%,to the rainy season before the arrival of mid-June application is appropriate;chasing fertilizer the following year’s fertilizer after-effect is significant.Fertilizer has no significant impact on the content of active ingredients of Saposhnikovia divaricate.Bolting Saposhnikovia divaricate harvested in mid-June,not bolting Saposhnikovia divaricate harvested before overwintering,high content of active ingredients,good quality.