Study On The Phenotypic Characteristics Of Sugarbeet And Its Relationship With Yield And Quality

Sugar beet is an important sugar crop in China and one of the dominant characteristic crops in Inner Mongolia.With the continuous improvement of planting technology,the yield of sugar beet has increased year by year,but sugar content of sugar beet is unstable,and even has a downward trend.The seeds used in sugar beet production are mainly imported with different phenotypes.The phenotypic characteristics of sugar beet with high yield and sugar content are the most direct and simple indexes for breeding and cultivation management,and there is no systematic report on this aspect yet.Two different types of sugar beet materials-high-yield type(SD13829、ST13092)and high sugar content type(HGDⅢ、04BS02)-were used to compare the morphological indexes of leaves,petioles and roots during the vegetative growth period for two years(2014,2015),and to analyse the relationship between the indexes and its yield and sugar content.The results are aimed to clarify the growth law of vegetative organs of different types of sugar beet varieties,reveal the phen otypic characteristics and morphological indexes of high yield and sugar content.and further to provide theoretical basis and reference index for genetic improvement,variety selection and precise cultivation management of sugar beet,so and lay a founda-ion for further study on phenomics of sugar beet.The main results are as follows;1.There were differences in leaf,petiole and root phenotype between high-yield and high sugar content varieties,which showed that the leaf length,root volume,root diameter,root length of high-yield varieties were higher than those of high-sugar content varieties during the whole growth period,while the number of vascular bundle rings of high-sugar content varieties were higher than those of high-yield varieties.2.The phenotypic characteristics of sugar beet vegetative organs are closely related to the formation of yield and quality.The results showed that the leaf area,leafage cluster weight,root diameter,leaf length and root shoot ratio were significantly positively correlated with yield during the rapid growth stage of leaf clumps,and the petiole length and root shoot ratio at the sugar accumulation stage were significantly negatively correlated with the yield;the petiole diameter of new functional leaves,the number of root vascular bundle rings during the rapid growth stage of leafage cluster and the number of leaves,leafage cluster weight and leaf area at the sugar accumulation stage were significantly positive correlated It was positively correlated with sugar content of root.3.The anatomical structure of petiole showed that the physiological basis of root growth was the high specific mass transfer rate(SMTR)of assimilates in tuber root and sugar growth stage;The large vascular bundle area and phloem area of petiole in the rapid growth period of leaf clump and the growth period of tuber and sugar,and the high specific mass transfer rate(SMTR)of assimilate in sugar accumulation stage were the morphological and physiological basis of sugar accumulation in root.4.Leaf area,petiole diameter and root diameter of new functional leaves in rapid growth period of leafage cluster are phenotypic characteristics of high yield and high sugar content in ugar beet,which can be used as reference indexes for genetic improvement,variety selection and precise cultivation management of sugar beet.