Effects Of Intercropping Of Three Plants Used For Medicine And Food On Pepper Phytophthora Blight And Growth

Pepper phytophthora blight is the most important disease of pepper which can significantly reduce the crop yield and quality.The causative oospores disperse repidly by splashing rain and irrigation as sheer to the soil,plant and air.Chemical control was currently the main method to control the soil-borne disease.Even through the food safety problems may cause by the chemical treatment.Therefore,intercropping and physical control had emerged as an important alternative method in control the soil-borne disease,that can effectively inhibit the occurrence of diseases by secrete antibacterial active substances.The study was used dandelion,purslane,perilla,and peppermint as materials intercropped with peppers.monocropping pepper as a control.Peppers inoculated with phytophthora in the field,in order to obtain which is the significance intercropped method for pepper blight,and to clarify the effects of intercropping crops in the growth of peppers and provide a reference for the ecological production of peppers.The following conclusions were obtained through the experiment:(1)The result showed that the increase of density treatment of pepper intercropped perilla and dandelion could improve the control effect of pepper blight,perilla with a 60cm spacing had the best control effect on pepper blight and improve the yield.The effect of control on peppermint was 65.35～67.71%,the peppermint intercropped with pepper in different density had less effect on the disease index and disease indica.With the increase of intercropping density of dandelion and perilla had the positive effect of the disease index and incidence.Among them,the disease index and incidence rate of pepper blight in the treatment with dandelion intercropping of 20cm(P20)were significantly lower than those of the other two plant spacing treatments,and the control effect reached 43.31%;the disease index of pepper blight in the treatment with perilla intercropping of 60cm(Z60).And the incidence rate was also significantly lower than the other two plant spacing treatments,the control effect reached 78.23%,and its yield was the highest,significantly higher than the other treatments and control.(2)Perilla,peppermint and dandelion intercropping with peppers under the different plant distances,sowing periods and patterns all the treatment can increase the SOD enzyme activity,POD enzyme activity,and PPO enzyme activity in the pepper.the activity of enzymes increase make the improvement of resistance to pepper blight.(3)An ecological model using dandelion or perilla to prevent and control pepper blight has been established: peppers are planted in double rows of peppers,and both dandelion and perilla are planted in the same period of direct seeding.Among them,dandelions are intercropped with 20cm spacing on the outside of the double rows of peppers.Perilla is intercropped in the middle of two rows of peppers with 60cm spacing,or one perilla is intercropped with 3 peppers every interval on a row of peppers.