| This study was conducted to investigate the effects of soluble corn fiber(Fibersol-2)inclusion on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,anti-oxidative capacity and immune function in piglets.A total of 448 hybrid piglets(Duroc × Landrace × Large white)with similar body weight weaned at 28 day were randomly assigned into 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates of 14 piglets each,and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0(control),1,2 and 4 g·kg-1 Fibersol-2,respectively.The total experimental periods were 35 d including a 7-d pre-test and a 28-d test,and an average initial body weight of piglets in the study was 9.65±0.44 kg.At the end of the test,one pig per replicate(near to the average body weight of the replicate)was weighed,slaughtered and the samples were collected and slaughtered.The experiments were divided into three parts.Experiment 1 Effect of Fibersol-2 on growth performance,and apparent digestibility of nutrients in pigletsThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of Fibersol-2 on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,digestive enzyme activity and gut morphology in piglets.The results showed that the diets added Fibersol-2 did not affect the growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of piglets(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,Fibersol-2 supplementation at 4 g·kg-1 markedly increased the activity of lipase and trypsin in duodenum chyme,and the activity of chymotrypsin in jejunal digesta and pancreas(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced the activity of trypsin in jejunal chyme and pancreas.Fibersol-2 supplementation at 1,2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly increased the activity of lipase and amylase in jejunal chyme,and the activity of amylase in pancreas(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation markedly enhanced villus height of duodenum and jejunum(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 4 g·kg-1 markedly increased crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio of duodenum(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced villus height to crypt depth ratio of jejunum(P<0.05).Experiment 2 Effect of Fibersol-2 on glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism and biochemical indexes of serum in pigletsThe experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different doses of Fibersol-2 on relative organs weight,pH value of intestinal chyme,biochemical indexes of serum,glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in piglets.The results showed that the diets added Fibersol-2 did not affect on relative weight of organs in piglets(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,Fibersol-2 supplementation markedly decreased the contents of albumin and albumin to globulin ratio in serum at 14 d,and markedly reduced the contents of triglycerides,albumin,total protein and albumin to globulin ratio in serum at 28 d(P<0.05),however,markedly increased contents of urea nitrogen in serum at 14 d and 28 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced the activity of malate dehydrogenase in liver(P<0.05),but significantly decreased the contents of glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,total protein in serum at 14 d,and the content of total cholesterol in serum at 28 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 4 g·kg-1 significantly reduced pH value of ileum chyme and the content of glucose in serum at 28 d(P<0.05),and significantly enhanced the content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum at 28 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 1 and 2 g·kg-1 markedly increased the content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum at 14 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 1 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly raised the content of albumin in serum at 28 d(P<0.05).Experiment 3 Effect of Fibersol-2 on anti-oxidative capacity and cytokine levels in pigletsThe study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of Fibersol-2 on cytokine levels,anti-oxidative capacity,and the relative expression of anti-oxidative gene in piglets.The results showed that compared with control group,Fibersol-2 supplementation at 1 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced the content of IL-10 in serum at 28 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly decreased the content of IL-6 in jejunal mucosa,the contents of IL-1β in liver and ileum mucosa(P<0.05).And the diets added Fibersol-2 markedly reduced the content of IL-1β in jejunal mucosa and the content of IL-6 in ileum mucosa(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation also significantly increased T-AOC in serum at 14 d,,the activity of GSH-Px and CAT in serum at 14 d,the activity of GSH-Px and CAT in serum at 28 d,the activity of CAT in liver,T-AOC in jejunal mucosa,and the activity of SOD,CAT in ileum mucosa(P<0.05),but markedly decreased the content of MDA in liver(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced the activity of CAT in jejunal mucosa and T-AOC in serum at 28 d(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the content of MDA in jejunal mucosa and ileum mucosa(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 4 g·kg-1 significantly increased the activity of SOD in serum at 14 d and 28 d,T-AOC and the activity of SOD,GSH-Px in liver,T-AOC and the activity of GSH-Px in ileum mucosa,and the activity of jejunal mucosa(P<0.05),and the content of MDA in serum at 28 d(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 2 and 4 g·kg-1 significantly enhanced the relative mRNA expression of CAT in liver and the relative mRNA expression of SOD in ileum mucosa(P<0.05).Fibersol-2 supplementation at 4 g·kg-1 markedly increased the relative mRNA expression of CAT in jejunal mucosa(P<0.05).The diets added Fibersol-2 markedly raised the relative mRNA expression of CAT gene in jejunum(P<0.05).The above results showed that Fibersol-2 can improve the antioxidant capacity,immune function and gut morphology of piglets,and reduce the levels of blood glucose and blood lipids. |
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