| The irrational use of organic materials will affect the Earth’s ecological environment and global climate change,which will affect human health.Organic materials can provide organic carbon and nutrients for agricultural soils.In view of the characteristics of barren soil in the Yellow River in Binhai County,Jiangsu Province,this study investigated the effects of organic materials and clay addition on the physico-chemical properties and biological functional properties of barren soil,in order to reveal the internal mechanism of the improvement of soil physico-chemical properties and biological functional properties by adding different organic materials,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the effective improvement of low and medium yield fields and rational utilization of agricultural waste.In this study,three groups of experiments were designed.The first experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different organic materials on soil physico-chemical properties and biological functional properties.The experiment included eight treatments control CK,Maize straw M,Clover straw C,Vermicompost D,Maize straw+ Clover straw MC,Maize straw+Vermicompost MD,Clover straw+Vermicompost CD,Maize straw and Clover straw+Vermicompost MCD.The second experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different organic materials on soil aggregation and biological properties under the clay addition.The experiment included eight treatments:(1)Control N,(2)Maize straw M,(3)vetch straw A,(4)Maize straw+vetch straw MA,(5)5%clay substitute NC,(6)5%clay substitute+Maize straw MC,(7)5%clay substitute+vetch AC,(8)5%clay substitute+Maize straw and vetch straw MAC.The third experiment was conducted to investigate the effects Effects of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and green manure on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yield under different rotation systems,which included nine treatments.The main results are as follows:1.Organic materials addition had increased soil nutrient,aggregates and microbial function.The effects of maize straw on soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and basal respiration were the highest,with the increase rate 265.0%at 90 days,418.9%at 30 days and 327.6%at 90 days.Also maize straw addition increased significantly soil organic matter and aggregates.There was no significant difference in microbial activity between clover and vermicompost addition.Vermicompost only had a greater impact on soil available phosphorus,with the highest increasing of 478.5%.The addition of corn straw has a great influence on the AWCD value characterized by Biolog method.2.The addition of clay and vetch straw increased significantly the proportion of>2 mm water-stable aggregates in soil,and also the addition of vetch straw alone had a significant effect on the structure of 0.053-0.25 mm micro-aggregates.The percentage of clay and silt(<0.053 mm)was not significantly affected by the application of organic materials alone(P>0.05).Compared with 180 days of incubation,the proportion of macroaggregates increased significantly with the application of corn straw and clay at 360 days of incubation.3.The combined application of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer can increase soil microbial biomass,soil organic matter and available phosphorus content,and increase the yield of wheat and maize.The combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers and straw returning is more conducive to improving soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.The combination of organic and inorganic fertilization and straw returning is more conducive to improving the yield of wheat and maize.Planting green manure vetch can increase soil microbial biomass nitrogen.Planting two kinds of green manure all could increase maize yield... |
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