| Bile acid is an amphiphilic molecule synthesized from cholesterol in the liver that promotes the digestion and absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in the intestines.During the lactation,sows have increased energy requirements due to lactation,so it is common practice to add lipids to sow diets in production practice,but the added lipids may be due to insufficient bile acids secreted by the sows themselves.It is difficult to be fully digested and absorbed.However,the effect of added bile acid on reproductive performance of sows and the growth and development of their offspring is still unclear.This study was designed to add 50 ppm,100 ppm,150 ppm,200 ppm of bile acid to the sow diet from the last month of pregnancy to the lactation period,and analyze its reproductive performance,serum biochemical indicators,intestinal microbes,and initial The effects of milk nutrient components and serum biochemical parameters of piglets on the effects of bile acid supplementation on sows and their piglets and their possible mechanisms.1.Effect of bile acid added to sow diet on its reproductive performance and serum biochemical parameters of female pigletsIn the experiment,75 pigs with similar body weight,parity and birth period were randomly divided into 5 groups,normal control group(Control,n=15),50ppm group(n=15),100ppm group(n=15),150 ppm group(n=15),200 ppm group(n=15).In the last month of pregnancy to lactation,the control group(CON)was fed a normal diet,corresponding doses of bile acid were added to the experimental group.Compared with the control group,the weaning weight of the 100ppm group,the 150ppm group and the 200ppm group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,serum cholesterol,triglyceride content and total antioxidant capacity of the 50 ppm sows were significantly increased(P<0.05).The total bile acid content in the serum of the 50ppm、100 ppm and 150ppm sow were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The serum LDL cholesterol level in the 150 ppm sow serum was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the cortisol content in the 200 ppm sow serum was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the liver weight,the longissimus dorsi weight and Muscle/body weight of the weaned piglets in the 100 ppm group were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the glucose content in the cord blood of the sow was significantly increased in the 50ppm group,the 100ppm group,and the 150ppm group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in other indexes.Compared with the control group,serum alanine aminotransferase activity,insulin and T3 levels were significantly increased in the 50 ppm group of weaned piglets(P<0.05),and triglyceride content and cortisol levels were significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum levels of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the 100 ppm group were significantly lower(P<0.05),and the total bile acid content was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the levels of triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cortisol in the serum of the weaned piglets were significantly lower(P<0.05).and insulin and T3 levels were significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum levels of triglyceride and cortisol in the 200ppm group were significantly lower(P<0.05),and the levels of insulin,T3 and T4 were significantly increased(P<0.05).2.the effect of bile acid added to the diet of sows on the nutritional components of colostrumCompared with the control group,the content of triglyceride in colostrum was significantly increased in the 50 ppm,100 ppm,150 ppm,and 200 ppm groups of the sow diet(P<0.05).The total protein content in milk was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the levels of prolactin and IgG in the colostrum between the 50 ppm,100 ppm,150 ppm,and 200 ppm bile diets.Cortisol levels were significantly increased in the 150 ppm colostrum(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences in other indicators.Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in the colostrum of the 100 ppm group,but the polyunsaturated fatty acids C18:3n6 and C18:3n3 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).3.Effect of bile acid added to sow diet on intestinal floraAfter OTUs detection of the intestinal flora in the sow feces,a total of 407 OTUs was obtained,and there was no significant difference between the control group and the test group.There were no significant differences in Ace,Chao1,Simpson,and Shannon in the diversity analysis of the bile acid 100 ppm group compared with the control group.Significant Streptococcus species were shown in the cont:rol group and not in the 100 ppm group.Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of OTUs associated with Turicibacter and Lachnospiraceae in the 100 ppm bile acid diet were significantly higher(P<0.05).The relative abundance of OTUs associated with Escherichia-Shigella was significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the sow diet supplemented with the bile acid 100 ppm group Clostridium,Lactobacillus,Prevotellaceae,Terrisporobac-ter,Treponema has no significant difference in the relative abundance of related OTUs.ConclusionIn the late pregnancy and lactating sow diets,the bile acid group was added to increase the weaning weight of the 50ppm group,the 100ppm group,the 150ppm group and the 200ppm group,and the triglyceride and total protein content in the colostrum increased.The relative abundance of the OTUs associated with the Turicibacter and Lachnospiraceae in the 100 ppm group in the intestinal flora was significantly increased,while the relative abundance of the OTUs associated with Escherichia-Shigella was significantly reduced. |
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