Water Consumption And Irrigation System Of Tomato With Drip Irrigation In Solar Greenhouse Under Wind-sand Soil Conditions

In order to investigate the infiltration characteristics of wind-sand soil and the water consumption rule of tomato in Hetian solar greenhouse,the indoor experiment takes wind-sand soil as the experimental object,The water transport process in soil under different soil bulk density,initial moisture content and drip discharge are analyzed.Tomatoes were used as research objects in field irrigation experiments.Five irrigation quotas were designed,such as T1（low water treatment）,T2（medium and low water treatment）,T3（medium water treatment）,T4（medium and high water treatment）and T5（high water treatment）,the effects of growth index,water consumption rule,yield and quality,water use efficiency（WUE）and irrigation water use efficiency（IWUE）of tomato in greenhouse under different irrigation quotas are analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows.（1）There is a positive correlation between drip discharge and the transport distance of the wet front.Under the same irrigation amount,the drip discharge had little effect on the horizontal wet front transport distance,In the vertical direction,however,the small drip discharge was more conducive to the transport of water to the deep layer.There is no significant relationship（P>0.05）between soil bulk density and horizontal wetting front diffusion distance,but it is positively correlated with vertical wetting front diffusion distance.The initial moisture content has a certain influence on the development of horizontal wet front,but it is not obvious（P>0.05）.but it is a positively correlated with the vertical wetting front diffusion distance.（2）The water consumption intensity of tomato in greenhouse showed a trend of decreasing in early stage,increasing in middle stage and decreasing in late stage.Under different irrigation quota,the water consumption intensity of tomato increased with increasing irrigation quota.In autumn and winter season,the water consumption of tomato at seedling,flowering and fruit stage was 43.01 mm～56.05 mm,144.57 mm～245.35 mm and 62.9 mm～95.5 mm,respectively,and the cumulative water consumption in the whole growth stage was258.41 mm～409.54 mm.In winter and spring season,the water consumption at seedling stage,flowering stage and fruit stage were 60.12 mm～98.85 mm,158.92 mm～287.47 mm and 71.86 mm～124.5 mm,respectively,and the cumulative water consumption in the whole growth period was 290.9 mm～510.8 mm.The water consumption intensity at seedling,flowering and fruit’stage was 1.28～2.10 mm·d^-1,2.58～4.96 mm·d^-1and 2.11～3.77 mm·d^-1,respectively.（3）Increasing irrigation quota was beneficial to increase plant height,stem,LAI and total dry matter of tomato.Too low or too high irrigation quota was not conducive to the formation of fruit yield.The yield of tomato in autumn and winter season,winter and spring season reached the maximum under T4 treatment,which were 91.10 t·hm^-2and 85.91 t·hm^-2,respectively.There were no significant differences in WUE and IWUE between T1～T4treatments in autumn and winter season,winter and spring season（P>0.05）.When irrigation quota reached T5 treatment,WUE and IWUE of tomato had a significant（P<0.05）downward trend.The fruit type index,vitamin C content and soluble solid content of tomato were negatively correlated with irrigation quota.Under different irrigation quota,the content of titratable acid in tomato firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota.Under T3 treatment,the content of vitamin C in autumn and winter season,winter and spring season of tomato reached the maximum.（4）Through the comprehensive index evaluation method,the following results are obtained:Greenhouse tomato seedling stage,seedling stage,flowering stage irrigation quota were 7.2 mm and 8.32 mm,18.82 mm and 18.32 mm,the autumn and winter season tomato irrigation frequency of 2,5,10 and 6 time,respectively,Water irrigation cycle is 4～5 d、3～4 d、4～5 d and 4-6 d,the irrigation quota of 356 mm,the winter and spring season of tomatoes irrigation frequency respectively 2,9,12,8 times,Water irrigation cycle is 4～5 d、3～4 d、4～5d and 3～4 d,irrigation quota of 465 mm,Hetian solar greenhouse tomato comprehensive index score for the best.