Study On Artificial Domestication Of Several Wild Edible Fungi

This thesis reviewed the current research progress of wild edible fungi in resource distribution,identification,biological characteristics,and domestication.For the case many edible fungi are still in natural wild state,this research studied the identification,biological characteristics of several wild fungi from Qilian and Dajian mountains.It was aimed to study the resources and explore the biological characteristics of wild edible fungi,to domesticate the wild fungi and develop new varieties of edible fungi,and to lay the foundation for the future commercial production.It will contribute to find out wild fungi resources in Gansu,and to provide new species for agricultural（edible fungi）production.It will also provide a reference for training students’research ability and cultivate talents.The mycelia were isolated from the fruiting bodies.Genomic DNA was extracted from mycelium,and then was used as template for the ITS gene PCR amplification,sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.The optimum culture conditions,including temperature,pH,carbon source,nitrogen source,inorganic salts and growth factor for mycelium growth were studied at the same time.The main results as following:The strains were identified through traditional morphological and molecular biological methods.I concluded that QL913 strain was identified as Lyophyllum Fumosum,DJS-2 strain was identified as Tricholoma vaccinum,DJS197-4 strain was identified as Agaricus megacarpus,DJS197-16 and DJS207-7 were identified as Gymnopus dryophilus and Gymnopus confluens respectively,DJS207-5 strain was identified as Stropharia rugosoannulata,DJS207-17 and DJS207-27 strains were identified as Agrocybe smithii and Agrocybe praecox respectively.The single factor experiment was used to determine the optimum temperature,pH,carbon source,nitrogen source,inorganic salt and vitamins.Results were as follows:（1）QL913 strain,the optimum temperature and pH was 18℃and 6.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source was mannitol and yeast extract,respectively;the optimum inorganic salt and vitamin was Mg SO₄ and vitamin B compound.（2）DJS-2 strain,the optimum temperature and pH was 20℃and 8.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source was sucrose and peptone,respectively;the optimum inorganic salt and vitamin was Mn SO₄ and VB_1,VB_2,and vitamin B compound.（3）DJS197-4 and DJS197-16strains,the optimum temperature and pH was 22℃and 6.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source was starch soluble,maltose,respectively,the nitrogen source was yeast extract;the optimum inorganic salt was Cu SO₄ and Fe SO₄ respectively and the optimal vitamin was VB₁₂and vitamin B compound respectively.（4）DJS207-5 and DJS207-27 strains,the optimum temperature and pH was 30℃and 6.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source was maltose,sucrose,respectively and nitrogen source was yeast extract and peptone,respectively;the optimum inorganic salt and vitamin was Mg SO₄,optimal vitamin was VB₂ and vitamin B compound,respectively.（5）DJS207-7 strain,the optimum temperature and pH was 20℃and6.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source was mannitol and yeast extract,respectively;the optimum inorganic salt and vitamin was Mn SO₄ and vitamin B compound.（6）DJS207-17 strain,the optimum temperature and pH was 25℃and 6.0,respectively;the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source was sucrose and yeast extract,respectively;the optimum inorganic salt and vitamin was Ca SO₄ and VB₆ respectively.Finally,the best medium of mycelia was concluded by multi-factor orthogonal experiment.The results of QL913 strain domestication cultivation showed that the QL913 strain could grow and propagate rapidly on wheat grain medium,and the mycelia could also grow rapidly when the wheat seed was inoculated into the cultivation material.However,further experiments were needed to domesticate the mushroom.