| Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),also known as Chinese jujube,red jujube or jujube,belongs to the Rhamnus family from the perspective of jujube classification.Jujube is one of the "five fruits" native to China,and it is an excellent supplement for "medicine and food with the same origin" and "dry and fresh".Jujube fruit is rich in cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP),which has the functions of relaxing blood vessels,improving human immunity and preventing cardiovascular diseases.The change of its content depends on the activity of related enzymes.Adenylate cyclase(AC)promotes the synthesis of cAMP and increases its content;phosphodiesterase(PDE)can decompose cAMP and decrease its content.Predecessors have done many studies on the extraction,purification,detection and dynamic changes of jujube cAMP,but there are few research reports on the two enzymes(AC and PDE)regulating the cAMP content of jujube.In this study,through indoor compatible microbial inoculants and outdoor field experiments,a total of seven treatments were set up for control and different microbial inoculants: T1(conventional fertilization),T2(conventional fertilization + organic fertilizer),T3(conventional fertilization + organic fertilizer + beef extract Peptone medium),T4(P18),T5(N22P8P18K7),T6(N22P7P18K24)and T7(N21P8P18K7),to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the AC activity,PDE activity and cAMP content of jujube fruit.The results show:(1)Under the treatment of different microbial inoculants,the AC activity of jujube fruits in different regions,different varieties and different parts were significantly different(P<0.05),and some microbial inoculants could significantly increase the AC activity of jujube fruits.Compared with the control(T1),T4 and T5 can significantly increase the AC activity of Jujube in Aksu area;T4 and T6 can significantly increase the AC activity of Jujube in Aksu area;T4 can significantly increase the AC activity of jujube in Aksu area.T6 can significantly increase the AC activity of jujube pulp and peel in Kashgar area;T4,T5,T6 can significantly increase the AC activity of jujube pulp and peel in Kashgar area.In each growth period of jujube,the effect of microbial inoculants treatment on the AC activity of gray jujube fruits(skin and pulp)in Aksu area is the largest in the mature period,and the impact on Jun jujube is the largest in the white-ripening period;Jujube fruit(skin and pulp)has the greatest influence on AC activity in the crisp ripening period,and the greatest influence on Jun jujube in the full ripening period.(2)Under the treatment of different microbial inoculants,the PDE activity of jujube fruits in different regions,different varieties and different parts is significantly different(P<0.05),and some microbial inoculants can significantly increase the PDE activity of jujube fruits.Compared with the control(T1),T5,T6,T7 can significantly increase the PDE activity of Jujube in Aksu area;T5,T6 can significantly increase the PDE activity of Jujube in Aksu area;T4 can significantly increase the PDE activity of Jujube pulp and peel in Aksu area.The treatments of various inoculants can significantly increase the PDE activity of the pulp and peel of the jujube in the white and crisp period of Kashgar,but the promotion effect gradually disappears in the mature period;T4 can significantly increase the PDE activity of the pulp and peel of the jujube in the Kashgar area.In each growth period of jujube,the effect of microbial inoculant treatment on the PDE activity of gray jujube fruits(skin and pulp)in Aksu area is the largest in the mature period and white-ripening period,and the impact on Jun jujube is the largest in the white-ripening period;The effect on the PDE activity of gray jujube fruits(skin and pulp)in Kashgar is the greatest in the white and crisp maturity period,and the impact on Jun jujube is the greatest in the white maturity and crisp maturity period.(3)The effect of microbial agents on the ratio of adenylate cyclase(AC)and phosphodiesterase(PDE)activities(AC/PDE)of jujube fruit has significant differences in different regions,varieties and parts(P<0.05),some microbial inoculants can significantly improve the AC/PDE of jujube fruit,and different microbial inoculants have different effects.In Aksu area,the promotion effect of various microbial agents on the AC/PDE of jujube fruit was shown in the early stage of maturity,and the promotion effect gradually disappeared and even inhibited in the middle and late stages.In the Kashgar area,the promotion effect of various microbial agents on the AC/PDE of jujube fruit is shown in the middle and late stages of maturity,and the promotion effect in the early stage is not obvious to the inhibitory effect.During each growth period of the jujube,the effect of microbial inoculants treatment on the AC/PDE of gray jujube and jujube fruits(skin and pulp)in Aksu area was the greatest;the microbial inoculum treatment had the greatest impact on gray jujube and jujube fruits in Kashi area(Peel and pulp)AC/PDE has the greatest impact during the maturity period.(4)The effect of microbial inoculants on the cAMP content of jujube fruit is significantly different in different regions and different varieties(P<0.05),some microbial inoculants can significantly increase the cAMP content of jujube fruit,and different microbial inoculants have different effects.In Aksu area,microbial agents increased the cAMP content of jujube fruits in the early stage of ripening,but the promotion effect gradually disappeared and even inhibited in the middle and late stages.In the Kashgar area,the microbial inoculants increased the cAMP content in the middle and late stages of jujube fruit ripening,but the promotion effect in the early stage was not obvious to the inhibition effect.In each growth period of jujube,the effect of microbial inoculants treatment on the cAMP content of gray jujube and Jun jujube fruits in Aksu area was the largest in the crisp maturity period;the effect of microbial inoculum treatment on the cAMP content of gray jujube and Jun jujube fruits in Kashi area was the full-ripening period maximum.(5)Correlation analysis shows that under different fertilization treatments,there is basically a positive correlation between the cAMP content and AC activity of different varieties of jujube fruits in different regions,and there is both a positive correlation and a negative correlation with PDE activity.There are both positive and negative correlations with AC/PDE.This indicates that the increase of cAMP content in jujube fruit mainly depends on the activation effect of AC,and the PDE activity maintains a high level in jujube fruit,resulting in a lower level of cAMP content in jujube fruit. |
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