RNA-seq Reveals The Functional Specificity Of Genes In Caput Corpus,and Cauda Epididymis Of Cattleyak

The objective of this project is to perform a detailed comparative study of gene expression within the anatomy of cattleyak epididymis using RNA-Seq technology.The mammalian epididymis refers to a single convoluted tubule in the male genital organ,binding ductus efferentes to the vas deferens to perform integral functions of sperm transportation,motility,maturation as well as storage.With the importance of epididymis,anatomical and functional complications of epididymis bring about incapability of fertilization or reduction in fertility.The epididymis is characterized by separate morphological segments as caput,corpus,and cauda.Every epididymal segment is defined by distinctive pattern of gene expression encoding a particular secretum sequentially interacting with maturing spermatozoa.The discovery of genes revealed in a segment-specific way offers valuable information and understanding in differential expression.RNA-Seq was utilized to examine segmented expression of genes all across the epididymis of male cattleyak.The study was performed on segment pairs: caput vs corpus,caput vs cauda,and corpus vs cauda.DEGs were identified,and functional analyses subsequently followed with the DEGs.Comprehensively,the caput vs cauda epididymis pair provided the greatest DEGs(57.8%),followed by corpus vs cauda(25.1%),whereas the least number of DEGs were produced by the caput vs cauda pair(17.1 %).Relatively high expressions of MT3,TLR1,MCT10,INHBB,HABP2,SUSD1,EIF4 B,EI24,TRPV5,HPN and EPHB6 were shown by the caput;EDDM3B,TAS2R42,PAX2,QSOX1,NXPE4,KIF12,PAOX,and TIGD1 were shown by the corpus,and HOXC11,MANB2,TRPC5,LY6 L,ZCCHC16,OR52B4,PAOX,T2R65,T2R65,ACOX1,SMG8,FST,ATN1 and PRSS21 were shown by the cauda.Gene Ontology representation of DEGs in the caput vs corpus and caput vs cauda showed significant enrichment in cellular process term,corpus vs cauda DEGs enrichment were in binding process term.KEGG pathway annotation demonstrated that upregulated TAS2R42 was functional in taste transduction pathway in caput and corpus pair.Down-regulated EPHB6 in caput vs cauda pair was relevant in the axon guidance pathway.Collectively,better understanding of the transcriptomic profiles of segment specific gene expression in cattleyak epididymis may yield new fertility techniques.