Design And Experiment Of Corn Planter’s Variable Hole Irrigation System

Corn is the highest yield food crop in the world,and also the largest planting area and total yield crop in China.Soil moisture is a necessary condition for crop growth.Properly increasing soil moisture content can ensure the germination rate and yield of corn.Because the traditional irrigation technology will not only waste a lot of water resources and increase the labor cost,so the hole irrigation and sitting water seeding technology came into being.However,at present,the hole irrigation and sowing machine for corn is usually integrated,with high production cost and large size,which is not suitable for the mountainous and hilly areas in Southwest China.The variable hole irrigation system of corn planter can realize variable hole irrigation by detecting the soil moisture content and the drop of seeds.It can ensure different amount of water to be irrigated under different soil moisture content,and realize one hole one irrigation.In the technology of water sitting planter,it can save water again.At the same time,the system has strong flexibility and adaptability,which is convenient for installation and disassembly at any time.This paper analyzes the background and current situation of the water seeder,summarizes the shortcomings of the current water seeder,puts forward three key technical characteristics of the irrigation system: easy installation and disassembly,variable irrigation and hole irrigation and sowing,and designs and researches the variable hole irrigation system of the corn seeder.In order to solve the key technology,this paper makes a theoretical analysis of the key working parameters of each component in the system,then chooses to select and design the components of the variable cavity irrigation system,and uses the three-dimensional Software Solidworks to carry out the three-dimensional modeling of each component;then compares and selects the working parameters of each component in the control system,according to the requirements of the variable cavity irrigation system in the software control system The program is compiled in;then the hole irrigation experiment is carried out to verify the effect of different soil moisture content on seed emergence rate,to provide experimental support for field experiment,to provide optimal parameters for the selection and installation of components in variable hole irrigation system through bench test,and finally,the system is installed on the seeder for field experiment,and the following conclusions are drawn:The easy installation and disassembly of the system in the key technology is realized by selecting the small parts suitable for the working parameters according to the technical requirements of hole irrigation and parameter calculation when selecting the components in the system;the variable irrigation in the key technology is to detect the soil moisture content through the high intelligent soil moisture tester,input it into the program design of the control system,and then through the The single chip microcomputer controls the opening degree of the flow valve;the key technology of the hole irrigation seeding is to feed back the detected seed falling information to the single chip microcomputer through the seed detection sensor,and the single chip microcomputer controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve through the program designed by the control system according to the information.Through the bench test,it is verified that the accuracy of the seed detector will decrease with the increase of the rotation speed of the seed metering tray;in the shunting mechanism,when the branch is 2,the left and right DC water pressures are equal;when the installation angle of the nozzle is 60°,the accuracy of the seed detector is the highest and the ponding area is the smallest.The field experiment shows that the variable hole irrigation system can not only improve the seed emergence rate,but also increase the part index of sowing.The design and experimental analysis of the variable hole irrigation system show that the variable hole irrigation system is conducive to improving the emergence rate of corn seeds,providing a theoretical basis for improving and improving the variable hole irrigation system,and also providing a theoretical support for the development of the water seeder.