| Wine grapes are one of the main fruits grown in my country.With the improvement of the quality of life and the widespread promotion of wine worldwide,the demand for wine grapes at home and abroad has increased year after year.Ningxia is one of the main producing areas of wine grapes in my country.Due to the cold and dry climate,in order to prevent the wine grapes from being frostbited or air-dried to death in winter,the method of burial in soil is generally used for protection over the winter,and the soil is cleared and the vines are cleared in spring.The work of clearing the soil and the vines is heavy and the time is pressing.If the vines cannot be completed within the limited time,the vines will sprout in the soil,and the shoots will be damaged when the vines are built.Wine grapes are planted on a large scale in Ningxia.The work of clearing soil and vines for wine grapes mostly uses manual labor,which is labor intensive and costly.At present,the existing wine grape soil cleaning machinery has problems such as substandard soil cleaning rate,low work efficiency,and high damage rate of vines.The main reason is that the cleaning method is contact cleaning,which cannot remove the soil in the core area,which affects the cleaning effect.To this end,this article integrates contact and non-contact soil cleaning,and designs a composite wine grape cleaning machine,which uses soil cleaning scrapers to remove part of the soil on both sides of the wine grape buried soil ridge,and then uses wind power to clean the soil.Clear the soil in the core area to increase the soil removal rate,vine exposed rate and reduce vine damage rate of the machine.The main contents involved in the research of this article are as follows:(1)According to the research results of the agronomic requirements of grape planting in the main wine grape production areas such as Hongsibao Winery and the requirements for soil cleaning,the soil cleaning program is explored,and different soil cleaning programs are compared and analyzed,and the contact and non-contact methods are finally selected.In conjunction with soil cleaning,the soil scraper removes the soil in the non-core area,and then the soil in the core area is removed by wind cleaning,and the work path is planned.(2)By analyzing the existing engineering soil-touching machinery,such as bulldozers,graders,snow blowers and other existing machinery,select suitable soil cleaning methods based on the analysis results of structural characteristics,working methods and operating efficiency.The soil cleaning method is used to determine the soil cleaning scraper as the soil contact component and the main technical parameters are selected on the basis of existing research.Using ANSYS-Workbench to perform finite element analysis on the cleaning scraper,it is obtained that the maximum stress value of the cleaning scraper is 109.3MPa,the minimum safety factor is 2.2872,and the maximum deformation displacement is 0.56 mm.It is verified that the cleaning scraper satisfies the design And usage requirements.(3)Based on the conservation of energy,establish a theoretical model of energy consumption calculation in the process of wind cleaning.Assuming that the soil ridge can be broken,calculation and analysis show that the total kinetic energy required by wind is 4027.18 J.Based on theoretical calculations,the fan and diesel engine are selected and the structural parameters of the tuyere are determined.By measuring the wind.The rotation speed of the main shaft of the engine and the diesel engine and the wind speed,wind pressure and air volume of the air outlet verify that the wind cleaning device has reached the requirements of the theoretical design.(4)Based on the EDEM-FLUENT coupling,the simulation experiment of the wind cleaning process is carried out.The simulation experiment is carried out with the soil cleaning height,soil cleaning speed and cross-sectional size of the wind cleaning device as variables.It is found that the air outlet section is 100mm×200mm,the air outlet cleaning height is 25 cm,and the soil cleaning speed is 0.5s/m.The soil effect is good,and the scattering range of soil particles does not exceed the row spacing of planting.Through the analysis of the particle flow and air velocity vector diagram,it is preliminarily judged that the dust rises to a higher height when the soil ridge is not broken.(5)Conduct test verification and comparative analysis.Explorative experimental research was carried out on the flying dust,and the difference in height of the flying dust under different breaking times of the soil ridge was analyzed,and it was concluded that the smaller the broken time of the soil ridge,the lower the flying dust.Through single-factor and multi-factor experimental research,the performance comparison from the three aspects of soil removal rate,vine exposed rate,and broken vine rate,it is concluded that the soil removal rate of the compound wine grape cleaning machine is more than 20% higher than that of the traditional machinery.The vine rate was increased to 90.5%,and the rate of vine damage was reduced to less than 1.5%.The performance parameters of the composite wine grape cleaner meet the design requirements and the performance parameters of the composite wine grape cleaner meet the design requirements and the improvement is obvious. |
