| Disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in livestock and poultry are one of the important problems facing the development of current livestock production.Disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in animals are usually accompanied by multiple complications such as ketoacidosis,retinopathy,cognitive impairment,and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Therefore,it is very important to find suitable methods to prevent and improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in feeding animals.Intestinal flora is an important component of the human intestinal microecosystem and a key factor affecting the body’s metabolism.The intestinal flora is mainly involved in the conversion and absorption of various nutrients and minerals required by the human body,and has close interaction with multiple tissues and organs,and then causes metabolic diseases such as glucose and lipid metabolism disorders through different signal pathways.Although there are a large number of research results that prove that changes in the metabolite components of the intestinal flora will affect the host’s glucose and lipid absorption and energy metabolism,its metabolic regulation mechanism needs to be further explored.The Tibetan medicine Shibawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pill is one of the drugs commonly used in Tibetan medicine to treat glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.The results of many studies have shown that the drug has good effects on preventing or improving glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and various animal chronic metabolic system diseases.Therapeutic effect,and it has the characteristics of multiple components,multiple pathways,and multiple targets.At the same time,it has the advantages of natural Chinese herbal medicines such as low side effects.Therefore,it is one of the hotspots in nutrition,medicine and life sciences to discover the cure mechanism of the drug on animal glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.In this study,16 S sequencing,transcriptome sequencing,qPCR,Western Blot,immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence staining and other methods were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of Tibetan medicine Shibawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills in improving intestinal flora and lipid metabolism disorders.The results of this study are as follows:(1)The Tibetan medicine Shibawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pill has an intervening effect on the biochemical indicators of mice with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.After the drug treatment,the mice appeared healthy in appearance,flexible in activities,body weight,feed intake,and water intake were restored to normal levels,and blood glucose levels were significantly reduced(P< 0.05).The four blood lipids(TG,TC,HDL)-C,LDL-C),serum enzymes(AST,ALT,GGT,SOD)and serum inflammatory factors(TNF-α,MCP-1,IL-6,LPS)levels also changed significantly(P< 0.05)and recovered To normal levels.It shows that the physiological and biochemical indexes of the model mice have changed significantly after the drug treatment,and it is verified that the Tibetan medicine Bawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pill has a positive effect on the glucose and lipid metabolism disorder model mice.(2)Tibetan medicine Shibawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills can regulate the intestinal flora and fatty acid metabolism levels of mice with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders.The16 Sr DNA sequencing results showed that the Tibetan medicine can significantly up-regulate the abundance of Enterobacter,Alternaria,and Rumen bacteria in the intestinal flora(P<0.05),while significantly reducing Corynebacterium and pseudoprevo The relative abundance of the genus of bacteria(P< 0.05);the effect-targeted bacteria species(such as Alipes,Akkermansia,etc.)of the drug action have been screened for subsequent fecal bacteria transplantation experiments;The test results of the three major intestinal barrier functions of mouse intestinal biological barrier,mechanical barrier and immune barrier found that the depth of intestinal crypts was significantly shortened after drug intervention(P< 0.05)and the number of goblet cells was significantly reduced(P< 0.05);Histochemical staining showed that the expression of ZO-1 protein in the intestine of mice with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders was significantly increased(P< 0.05);the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in the intestinal tissues was significantly increased(P< 0.05),indicating that Tibetan medicine ten Bawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills can improve intestinal tissue damage to a certain extent;the content of SCFA and medium and long-chain fatty acids in mouse intestinal contents,ileum,subcutaneous fat and liver was detected,and it was found that the drug can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism Disturbed the levels of SCFA and unsaturated fatty acids in the intestinal metabolites of mice(P< 0.05),indicating that the Tibetan medicine Bawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills can affect the intestinal flora of mice with glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and the fatty acids of the body’s metabolites level.(3)The Tibetan medicine Bawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pill interferes with lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation by inhibiting AMPKα-ACC signaling pathway.In this experiment,HE staining and oil red O staining were performed on mouse intestine,liver and peripheral adipose tissue at the same time,and it was found that the drug significantly improved the tissue damage caused by glucose and lipid metabolism disorder(P< 0.05);related molecular experiment results Shows that the drug can significantly up-regulate the expression of lipid accumulation-related genes PPARg,SREBP1,Acaca,ATGL and FAS in the intestine,liver and adipose tissue(epididymal fat,subcutaneous fat,brown fat,etc.)(P<0.05),while significantly inhibiting The expression of ATGL and other pro-lipolysis-related genes(P< 0.05),and the intervention of Tibetan medicine also significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β in various tissues(P< 0.05),and the level of IL-10 also had a certain level As the degree of increase,the expression of AMPKα-ACC pathway in the ileum and liver was significantly inhibited at both the m RNA and protein levels(P< 0.05).The above results indicate that the Tibetan medicine Bawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills can maintain the body’s lipid metabolism by regulating the expression of AMPK α-ACC pathway,thereby maintaining the body’s lipid metabolism,reducing inflammation,and improving intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial related functions.This experiment proved that the Tibetan medicine Shibawei Myrobalan Diuretic Pills can improve the lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response in the intestine,liver and peripheral adipose tissue,adjust the composition of the intestinal flora,thereby intervening the mechanism of lipid metabolism disorder and inhibiting the lipid metabolism.Metabolic disorders cause the activation of AMPK α-ACC signaling pathway.This experiment analyzes the molecular basis of the metabolic interaction between the health or disease tested model animals and specific drugs,and provides a scientific basis for further probing into the prevention and treatment of animal glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in livestock and poultry production,and provides a scientific basis for the improvement of meat quality.Certain theoretical basis. |
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