Study On The Microbial Diversity In The Rhizosphere Soil Of Different Apple Varieties Grafted On T337 Self-rootstock In Southern Weibei

Intensive dwarf apple cultivation is the developing trend of modern apples production.In recent years,a number of new model apple orchards with dwarfing self-rooted roots represented by T337 have been developed in Shaanxi and even in the country’s apple production areas.In order to better manage the soil,it is necessary to understand the diversity of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of different apple cultivars grafted on T337 self-rootstock.In this study methods such as high-throughput sequencing technology and OTU analysis were used.The rhizosphere soils of six apple varieties,namely Golden Delicious,Mickey Gala,Red Jonagold,Granny Smith,Liquan Spur Fuji,and Kiku 8 Fuji from the T337 self-rootstock in southern Weibei were studied.The results are as follows:1.At the bacterial level,the total amount of OTUs in the rhizosphere soil of the six apple varieties from the rootstock of T337 in southern Weibei is 2372-2325,the Ace index is between 2131.184 and 3261.032,and the Chao1 index is between 2514.368 and 3322.39.The Shannon index is 9.312 to 9.81,and the Simpson index is 0.995 to 0.997.The Shannon index of Golden Delicious is 9.312 and the index of Simpson is 0.995,which are lower than the other five varieties,indicating that the diversity of bacterial community of Golden Delicious is the lowest compared with other varieties.The Shannon index of Liquan Spur Fuji is 9.81 and the Simpson index is 0.997,both higher than the other five varieties.It is said that the bacterial community diversity of Liquan Spur Fuji is the highest compared with other varieties.In the rhizosphere soil of different apple varieties,among them,the main bacterial phyla detected are Proteobacteria,Unidentified Bacteria,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Crenarchaeota,Chloroflexi,Myxococcota,Nitrospirae,Bacteroidetes etc,with Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria as the dominant phyla,and the content of Firmicutes in Liquan Spur Fuji medium is the largest,compared with other bacteria phyla,there are significant differences.2.At the level of fungi,the total OTUs in the rhizosphere soil of six apple varieties from the rootstock of T337 in southern Weibei are 548 ～ 798,Ace index is 602.490 ～880.413,Chao1 index is 605.134～865.982,Shannon index is 5.559～6.124,the Simpson index is 0.934～0.965.The Shannon index of Golden Delicious was 6.124 and the Simpson index was 0.965,both higher than the other five varieties,indicating that the diversity of the fungal community of Golden Delicious was the highest compared with other varieties.The main fungal phyla detected are Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota,Mucoromycota,GS01,Kickxellomycota,Chytridomycota,Glomeromycota,Aphelidiomycota,Rozellomycota,among which Ascomycota had the highest abundance,followed by Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota.Compared with other varieties,the content of Mortierellomycota in Red Jonagold is the highest,and the content of Mucoromycota in Liquan Spur Fuji is the highest.In a word,the diversity of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of T337self-rootstock grafted on different apple cultivars and core microorganisms in southern Weibei were clarified.The diversity of bacteria is significantly higher than that of fungi,and there are certain differences in rhizosphere soil microbial diversity among different varieties.It can provide a certain theoretical basis for orchard soil management about improving soil fertility and improving microecological environment based on different cultivars in intensive dwarf rootstock apple orchards in the near future.