Design And Experiment Of Chain-spoon Type Ginseng Precision Seeder

Ginseng is the largest variety of Chinese medicinal materials,but the degree of sowing mechanization is low.Aiming at the problems of irregular shape and poor fluidity of ginseng seeds,which lead to problems such as difficulty in filling seeds and easy damage to seeds after germinating treatment in the process of sowing ginseng.Combining with the agronomic requirements of the precision direct seeding technology of non-forest ginseng planting in my country,this paper has developed a chain-spoon type ginseng precision planter,and conducted experimental research to meet the requirements of ginseng seeding.The specific research content is as follows:(1)The research and parameter calibration of ginseng seed material characteristics.In this paper,the basic physical and mechanical properties of ginseng seeds are studied,and the thousand-grain weight,triaxial size,sphericity,intrinsic parameters and contact parameters of ginseng seeds are obtained.Through the method of reverse engineering,the geometric contour model of ginseng seeds was obtained.The discrete element model of ginseng seeds was established by the fast filling method of multi-sphere aggregation model;Through the combination of bench test and EDEM simulation,the contact parameters between ginseng seeds and stainless steel,ABS plastic and ginseng seeds are obtained.It is verified through experiments that the intrinsic parameters and contact parameters of the established ginseng seeds can be used in the DEM-MBD coupling simulation.(2)The design of chain-spoon type ginseng precision seeder.According to the agronomic requirements of non-woodland ginseng planting precision direct seeding,this paper has designed a 10-row chain-spoon type ginseng precision planter.The planter has an effective sowing width of 1.5m,an adjustable planting distance of 2.5～5cm,and a seeding depth of 0～6cm adjustable,This article describes the structure and working principle of the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seeder,the opener and seed-metering device monomer and the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seeding device.(3)Simulation experiment of chain-spoon type ginseng precision seed-metering device based on DEM-MBD coupling.In this paper,the DEM-MBD coupling method is used to numerically simulate the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seed-metering device.The mechanism that the tilted seed-metering device can improve the seeding performance is clarified,the key parameters of the seed-metering device are theoretically calculated,and then the simulation model of the seed-metering device is established.A single factor simulation experiment was carried out using the DEMMBD coupling simulation method to analyze the influence of different seed-metering device parameters on its performance.The structure parameters of the chain-spoon seed-metering device were determined,and the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination DEM-MBD coupling simulation test.The results showed that when the filling inclination angle was 71.73°,the driving sprocket speed was79.10r/min,and the seed layer height was 84.28 mm,the filling performance was the best.Among them,the single grain rate is 95.68%,the refill rate is 3.57%,and the leakage rate is 0.75%.The working performance of the seed-metering device was verified by the bench test,and the results showed that the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seed-metering device can meet the seeding requirements of non-forest ginseng planting in my country.(4)Design and test of opener and seed-metering device monomer.In this paper,a ditching-seeding monomer is designed,and the key parameters of the ditchingseeding monomer are calculated by analyzing the drop point of the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seed-metering device and the working performance of the double disc opener.The feasibility test was verified by EDM-MBD coupling simulation,and the working resistance of 3 rows of trenching and seeding was tested by building a soil trench test bench,and a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combined test was designed.The test results show that when the operating speed is 0.341m/s,the trenching depth is 45 mm,and the relative horizontal distance between the opener and the seed-metering device is 95.16 mm,the machine operation qualification index is greater than 93.0%,the replay index is less than 4%,and the missed broadcast index is less than 3%.The optimization results are verified and the test results are consistent with the optimization results.(5)The prototype machining and field test of the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seeder.This article has analyzed and designed the power equipment and transmission system,established a virtual prototype,and processed and assembled the actual prototype.The work performance and economic and practical value of the planter were evaluated through field experiments.The test results show that when the planter’s working speed is 0.341m/s,the ditching depth is 4cm,and the plant spacing is 4cm,the seeder’s sowing qualification index is 92.70%,the reseeding index is 5.00%,the missed seeding index is 2.30%,and the seeding depth.The pass rate was 95.10%,and the injury rate was zero.The working efficiency of the planter is 75 times that of manual on-demand and 60 times that of semi-automatic mechanical on-demand.The operating cost is about 34% of the manual operation,and about 42% of the semiautomatic mechanical on-demand.It shows that the chain-spoon type ginseng precision seeder can be used for the planting of non-forest ginseng planting,and is of great significance to the industrialization and large-scale development of ginseng planting.